occupants of earlier geological formations, we should require 

 strong evidence to be advanced before it is admitted that the 

 Horse belonged to an ancient fauna of the western world. At 

 the present time the evidence appears to be sufficiently ample to 

 justify the latter conclusion, and it is further sustained by the 

 discovery, in the same part of the world, of the remains of two 

 species of the closely allied genus Hipparion. 



" Remains of the Horse, discovered in Brazil, Buenos-Ayres 

 Chili, have been indicated by Dr. Lund, Prof. Owen, M. Weddell, 

 and M. Gervais. These remains exhibit no well marked charac- 

 ters distinguishing them from corresponding portions of the ske- 

 leton of the recent Horse, and from a comparison of the figures 

 and descriptions which have been given of most of them, together 

 with some remarks of the latter author, it is doubtful whether 

 they belong to more than a single species, the Equus neogcr.us of 

 Dr. Lund. 



" Prof. Buckland and Sir John Richardson have described re- 

 mains of the Horse, discovered in association with those of the 

 Elephant, Moose, Reindeer, and Musk Ox, in the ice cliffs of 

 Eschscholtz Bay, Arctic America. 



"In the United States, remains of the Horse, chiefly consisting 

 of teeth, have been noticed by Drs. Mitchell,* Harlan, f and De 

 Kay, | but these gentlemen have neither given descriptions nor 

 figures by which to identify the specimens. Some of the latter 

 are stated to have been found in the vicinity of Neversink Hills, 

 New Jersey; others in the excavation for the Chesapeake and 

 Ohio Canal, near Georgetown, District of Columbia; and some 

 in the later tertiary deposite on the Neuse River, in the vicinity 

 of Newborn, North Carolina. Dr. DeKay, in speaking of such 

 remains, says, "they resemble those of the common Horse, but 

 from their size apparently belonged to a larger animal," and he 

 refers them to a species with the name of Equus major, 



"Dr. R. W. Gibbes§ has given information of the discovery of 

 teeth of the Horse in the pleiocene deposit of Darlington, South- 

 Carolina; in Richland District of the same State; in Skidaway 

 Island, Georgia, and on the banks of the Potomac river. He 

 further observes that he obtained the tooth of a Horse, from 

 eocene marl, in the Ashley river, South Carolina, but the re- 

 searches of Prof. Holmes|| indubitably indicate the specimen to 

 have been an accidental occupant of the formation. 



" Specimens of isolated teeth, and a few bones of the horse, 

 from the post-pleioceue and recent deposits of this country, have 

 frequently been submitted to my inspection. Many of these I 

 have unhesitatingly pronounced to be relics of the domestic 



* Catalogue of Organic Remains, 1826, 7, S. 

 f Med. a. Phys. Researches, 1835, 267. 

 X Zoology, New York, pi. I. Mammalia, 108. 

 § t'roc. Amer. A^soc:, 1850, 66. 

 fl Ibidem, 68. 



