186 Orper—LEPIDOPTERA. 
EUCHLOE CARDAMINES. 
Pirate XXXV, Fias. 3, 4. 
The English orange-tipped butterfly, from the marked difference in the two sexes, and the common occur- 
rence of the species in lanes and pastures in the spring, is more frequently noticed, in a monstrous condition, than 
the ordinary white Pierides. A specimen, of which the wings on the left side are masculine, and those on the right 
side, wanting all trace of the orange markings, female, is represented in my ‘ Butterflies of Great Britain,’ pl. I, 
fig. 31. The insect here figured in plate XXXV, figs. 3, 4, from the Collection of Dr. Boisduval, is a male, but 
has the orange tip of the fore wings broken up, especially in the right wing, by white patches. The white 
portion of this right fore wing is, however, almost confined to the space between the third branch of the median 
vein and the lower disco-cellular vein on the upper side of the wings; and it is interesting to observe, that 
in this space the broader black apical margin of the female is seen, whereas the under side of this wing’is 
entirely masculine. In the apical portion of the left fore wing there seems to have occurred quite a contest 
between the male and female characteristic markings on the upper side, whereas on the underside the female 
marking is only seen in the space between the second and third branches of the median vein. 
Plate XXXV, fig. 8, represents the right fore wing of a specimen of the same species in the Collection of 
Mr. Edwin Brown, of Burton-on-Trent. This specimen is entirely female, except that the middle portion of 
the costal region of the right fore wing is marked with several irregular orange dashes above the large black 
discoidal spot both on the upper and under sides. The abdomen of this specimen appears, however, so far as 
may be judged by its dried and shrunk condition, to be masculine. 
Plate XXXV, fig. 9, also represents the right fore wing of a specimen of the same species observed by 
Mr. Geldart, to whom I am indebted for a sketch of it. The general appearance is that of a female, but on the 
upper side of the fore wing, on the right side, there is a small oblong dash of male orange scales in the space 
between the third branch of the median vein and the lower disco-cellular vein, immediately beyond the black 
discoidal spot. This dash shews through the white scales on the under side of the wing, but not a single orange 
scale is discernible on that side even by a strong magnifying glass. There are also two adjacent minute orange 
dots visible just above the lower disco-cellular vein. 
Another specimen of this insect is described by M. Boisduval as a variety of the female having an orange 
spot on the under side of the fore wings. 
In a short memoir in the Annales Soc. Ent. France for 1853 (2nd Ser. tom. x, p. 325, pl. IV, fig. 3), 
M. Bellier de la Chavignerie divides the so-called hermaphrodite insects into two series—Ist, those in which ‘Pun 
des sexes’ is ‘dans une plus grande proportion que l’autre’ (of which he had published an instance in Liparis dispar, 
described and figured by himself in the same Annales for 1849, p. 178, pl. VI, fig. 2, in which a large part of 
the right fore wing is coloured as in the female, whilst the whole of the remainder of this insect is masculine) ; 
and, 2ndly, those in which the two sexes are equally divided in the individual, which comprise by far the greater 
number of cases of these monstrosities, and of which, in 1835, M. Alexandre Lefebvre gave a list of 47 of such 
Lepidopterous monsters: to which M. Bellier added another instance in the volume of the Annales for 1852, 
being a specimen of Euchloe cardamines, of which the left side was entirely female. M. J. Fallou has published 
(Annales Soe, Ent. France, 5th Ser. 1871, p. 369, pl. V, figs. 7 and 8) the description and figures of an aber- 
ration of 2. cardamines, of which the body was female (containing eggs), and the hind wings entirely and the 
fore wings for the most part were female, whilst on the upper side the right fore wing was marked by several 
narrow orange streaks on the extremity of the costa and apex of the wing, whilst the left fore wing had a small 
triangular dash of light orange near the inner angle. On the upper side the fore wings may be said to be cut 
into three nearly equal longitudinal parts, the costal and inner third being female, whilst the central part is 
masculine, with the orange colour extending into the cell, the apical margin in this part is marked with three 
triangular patches of green scales. It was taken near Beaumont-sur-Oise. 
1 This specimen is in the Collection of Mr. Henry Doubleday. A similar specimen is figured by M. Bellier in the 
Annales of the French Entomological Society, 2nd Ser. tom. x, pl. IV (1853). 
