( 435 ) 



the total concentration is <\ in A^ jind- c., in .1,, we shall liave : 

 <^Ki — «1 '•, ; ^A', = ((^ <\^ 



in which tlic qnantities c^ and (\ may ho {biiiKl hy chemical analysis, 



and /f, and ((^ by detcrnMiialions of iIk^ condiiclivily. As soon as L. 



can be determined l)y experiment, —r~ ^ï''^}' ^^^ caU'nUited iVom the 



eqnation {(^a), and Kk X ^"^'i i'voux (la), and we can llierefore p;et 

 to know separately the rpiantities AV and AV/, cojiscquently also 

 the qnantities 



{^'K.i — f^'yv, and n'cu — ii'cii - 



From (Gri) it further follows, that A will be positive (as supposed 

 in the figure), when 



Kci>Kk. 



Only when by accident K('i = Kx, A can be 0. In (jfmernl a 

 potential di/ferenre vnll ahnays occur hetween tino non-uiiscihh'. solvents, 

 v'Jien an electrolyte is partitioned hetioeen them. Tiiis polential-diiference 

 is given by (6^?). 



From the equation (7^?) it follows, that the relation of the concen- 

 trations of the fons in the two solvents in the case of <^ //A/A? solutions 

 will be practically independent of the total concenti'alions. This 

 equation may also be deduced directly from (3). For this, being a 

 result of (1) and (2), that is to say of the equilibrium of partition 

 and the two equilibria of dissociation, may be written : 



(^''a -"'a-.) + (."'cv -f'.,) = - ^"' ['"•" ^1 + '"•■'-g]- 

 and this after substitution passes at once into (la). ¥ov 



iog V log -—- = 2 log —-= — lofi -— 



- ^A', ^(\ % \^K. 



The equations i^a) and i^a) moreover lead to an important conclusion. 



As the quantities Kk and Ka are, in the case of dilate solutions, 

 speci-jic quantities, we must therefore find about the .same values for 

 these quantities hi the case of otker salts, when employing the same 

 solvents A.^ and A^. For NaCl for instance we will have : 



from which by experimental determination of A' and the quantities 

 <:y,(^ and ^^vv».^ , the two quantities /v^va J^»fl A^/ may be determined. 

 The value, found for AV/ from KCI-solnlions in ^1^ and .1,, must 

 then be pi-actically identical with the value for A'( 7, determined from 

 solutions of NaCl in these solvents. 



29* 



