( 538 ) 



ill spite of llic Lii-cnl adNniit.-mcs. winch llic r>,iii,iiis dcrixcil from 

 (Mir Slav. I ii('\(M" iiicl willi aiiv dii-ccl pi-oofs of uratitndc: lln'\ oiih' 

 pill sdiiicw lial Lircalci' (•oiilidciicc in iiic iliaii in (idici- slraiiLi'ei's. ^VIlOll 

 li()\\('\('r I Id'l a Kciija Irilu' aflcr a six davs" slav, the taiiiily of die cliic't" 

 caiiic pcrsoiiaHv to tliaiilc iiic luc cNcrvdiiiiu' I liad uixcii to tliom 

 eillicr liv \\ a V of cxclianue, presents or medicine : the lirst e\|)res- 

 sioii ol' gratitude lor inanv vears. 



All this pro\('s that the Kcnjas of Apo Kajan are far snpei-ior to the 

 Hahaiis also as regards those traits of cliai-acter, which are c(nisiilereil as 

 higher ones anioiiLi' Kiiro|teaiis. 



x\notlier strikinu' example of their stronuer personality is fiirnisjiod 

 l»y the ^^■ay, in \\ liicli their reliuioiis ideas inlliience their existence. 



l^'roni their standpoint as aLii'iciiltiiral tril>e> of fairly low deve- 

 lopineiil, with whom IIh' inlliience of nature on their principal 

 means of siilisisteiice. aüriciilliire. and on their persons in diseases 

 aixl disasters is slronii'ly felt, these peo|des contemjtlate their siirroiindinus 

 with u'reat fear. Their thoiiuiits alxnit these siirroimdinus and the 

 place they occupy in them, which represent their reliuioiis con\iction, 

 are not of a xcry ele\ated nature. 



'J'hey think that their li\-es are ruled by one chief uod, \\ lioin they 

 call Tamei Tiimci, our hiuh father, and who |)nnishes already on 

 earth all crimes with adx'ersity, disaster, disease and death. Vov the 

 execution of his will he makes use of a host of e\il spirits, who 

 p(M>|»le all nature around. 



All calamities and diseases, thei'efore, exen death on the hatllelield or 

 at a coidinemeiit. aiv to these tribes the manifestations of an.U'er of their 

 chief ,Li'od with reuard to the snllerer, who ha> incurred this anu'ci' by 

 the conscious or iincoiiscioiis \iolati(ui of human iisaue> or dix'ine laws. 



Wheji the attempts, to uiiard themselses a.uainst the manifestations 

 of the anucr of their uod by obserx inu these laws and n.saj>es sernpnionsly, 

 proved fruitless, they trie(l to reach their aim by exteiidiiiL;,' the presci'ibed 

 laws to the minutest details, so that they ha\e definile preee[>ts as to 

 the eunrse to be followed not only in all emer.ü'eneies of cvovy day 

 life, bnt also in aii'riciilture, the cha<e and iishery. 



All these precepts are ealled peniali. and they reiidei' ceitain actions 

 in certain cases lali, })antang or taboe. 



If the oltservation of the |»èmali is to shield them from the evil 

 spirits, they enjoy the assistance of a whole mnltitnde of «iood spirits, 

 indiiectly throiiL»ii the mediation of the priests and |H'iestesses or directly 

 by \\'arnin,Li' omens, w hich are communicated by certain birds, snakes 

 and does, and also by cei'tain events. These omens are \ery niimerons, 

 and are slrietlv Ibllowed, espeeialiy by the Bahaus. 



