Amphibians and Reptiles of Santa Marta 53 



With little doubt, the latter are laid under the forest litter and probably in 

 the ground, the young hatching in the adult form. During the last few days 

 in June tiny, evidently recently hatched, young were found in numbers in 

 the forest. The material is very confusing, for the variations in coloration 

 and in the glandular ridges are great, but the writer is now convinced that 

 it represents but one species. 



Elcnthcrodactyliis sanctac-iiiartac Ruthven." — San Lorenzo, 4,500 to 

 9,300 feet ; heights east of San Miguel, 6,000 to 7,000 feet, and heights east 

 of Taquina, 8,000 to 9,000 feet (M. A. Carriker). Evidently a ground form, 

 since 10 of the 25 specimens found were among leaves on the forest floor. 

 One specimen taken at 5,000 feet was in a bromelia that had fallen to the 

 ground, and four were in bromelias growing on the ground. Nothing has 

 been learned of the breeding habits of the species. 



Eleiithcrodactylus delicatus Ruthven.^^ — San Lorenzo, 4,500 to 8,000 

 feet. In 1913 three of these tiny frogs were found among leaves on the 

 forest floor, and in 1920 two more adults were taken in bromelias. It is 

 difficult to determine if the species is strictly a bromeliadicolous form, for it 

 is so small as to be easily overlooked in tearing apart the plants. Eggs were 

 discovered in the decaying leaves and litter at the base of the outside leaves 

 of the bromelias growing on the ground at 8,000 feet, where they are easily 

 overlooked. They are small, the membrane is tough and stained by the 

 decaying vegetation, and the eggs are not united into masses or glued to 

 the leaves. The young are born in the adult stage, and before hatching 

 have a large, thin and transparent tail like that of E. cruentns. No recently 

 laid eggs were found: six taken on June 21, 1920, hatched the same day. 



In one adult the hind legs are not cross-barred. Another adult indi- 

 vidual taken in 1920 differs from the original description in having a dis- 

 tinct tympanum, a longer hind leg (the heel reaching the nostril), in having 

 a dark stripe from the end of the snout to the anus, and in possessing large, 

 flat warts at the angle of the jaw. This specimen represents an extreme 

 variation, for the recently hatched young are like this specimen, like the 

 type, or intermediate in respect to the characters mentioned. 



Ccratophrys calcarata Boulenger. — Fundacion. Taken in the low forest 

 and in the open country. 



Several heads were found in forest pools, but living specimens were 

 only seen at night. The species is much feared by the natives, evidently 

 because they believe that the pugnacious habits indicate noxiousness. When 

 disturbed the enormous mouth is opened widely and the frog snaps viciously 

 at the disturber. Individuals experimented upon would seize a linger and 

 allow themselves to be carried about for several minutes. The specimens 

 agree closely with the original description, except that the tympanum may 

 be distinct or indistinct. 



Pleurodema brachyops (Cope). — Santa jNIarta ; Aracataca (Rehn and 

 Hebard). Taken at night along irrigation ditches. 



^■* Occ. Papers, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, No. 39. 

 '^■' Occ. Papers. Mus. of ZooL. Uuiv. of Mich., No. 4.^. 



