4 Norman A. Wood 



of the country upon which so much of its bird Hfe depends, and the follow- 

 ing list is the result of close observation and field work, as well as the rec- 

 ords, published and unpublished, that I have been able to secure. 



It should be understood that the list is far from complete, especially as 

 to the distribution of species, but I hope that it may prove a basis for much 

 future work along these lines. 



ACKNOWI^EDGMENTS 



In compiling this list I have not only copied from the published data but 

 have been given many valuable records by the following persons : Mr. 

 Alfred Eastgate of Bottineau; Mr. Elmer T. Judd of Cando ; Mr. William 

 Shunk of Anselm; Mr. Metzger of Williston; Mr. D. R. Ducke of James- 

 town; Mr. William Williams and Mr. Henry Williams of Grafton; Mrs. 

 Lucia Olsen and Hon. Carl Olsen of Medora ; Hon. Lewis Crawford of Sen- 

 tinel Butte ; Professor Daniel Freeman of Fargo ; Professor C. C. Schmidt 

 of Grand Forks; Professor R. T. Young of Grjnd Forks; Professor George 

 Miller of Fargo; Mr. Russell Reid of Bismarck; Captain Lonnevik of Devils 

 Lake ; and Professor Howard Simpson of Grand Forks. 



Previous Work and Workers 



Although North Dakota is one of the newer states, parts of Dakota Ter- 

 ritory have been visited since the early part of the eighteenth century by 

 noted travellers and ornithologists. The Missouri River, since it furnished 

 easy access to the interior of the state, was the route taken by many of them, 

 and the frontier forts furnished favorable camping places. 



The first expedition to visit the Dakota territory was that of La Veren- 

 drye, who with a party of 52 persons left Fort La Reine, below the mouth 

 of the Assinaboine, October 18, 1738. They arrived at the Mandan Village, 

 lat. 48° 12', December 3. They remained here ten days, returning to Fort 

 La Reine February 10. 1739. This expedition was made at a season of the 

 year when little animal life was to be found in the region. The only animal 

 mentioned is the bison which furnished food for the party. 



The Lewis and Clark Expedition was the first scientific party to visit 

 the region. Starting from St. Louis on May 14, 1804, they reached the 

 46th parallel (North Dakota) on October 15, 1804. Here they built Fort 

 Mandan and spent the winter. Leaving the fort on April 7, 1805, they 

 journeyed up the Missouri River to the IMontana line, which they reached 

 July 27, 1805. Many birds were observed and some were noted in the daily 

 journals. These early North Dakota records have been placed in the state 

 list in regular order. ' 



Prince Maximilian of Wied visited North Dakota in 1833, going by boat 

 from St. Louis and reaching Fort Clark on June 18, 1833. He arrived at 

 the mouth of the Yellowstone on June 24 and spent two weeks at Fort Union. 

 He then continued up the river to Fort IMacKenzie. returning to Fort Union 

 on September 29. Here he worked until October 30, when he returned down 



