( 223 ) 



] 780 this moiiiitiiiii seems lo liave been quiet, hiit iuid rcsttirted 

 sniokiiiii' a couple ol" yeai's back. 



In 19()(> and '1907 followed at last tli(> eruptions in the Sopoetan- 

 niountains, to he discussed aftei'wards. 



The new solfatai-a of 1901 is located in a kind of atrio between 

 Sopoetan proper and the more northern Rindcngan-rano-e, evidently 

 part of an older crater-edge. The further course of this edge is 

 not so distinct. In general the relief of the Sopoetan-mountains is 

 not easily to be understood. From the reports of the various visitors 

 it is evident that they feel that they venture on uncertain ground 

 whenexer they have to discuss the surroundings of the Soi)oetan-cone. 



Even with i-cuard to the names of these mountains the different 

 travelling-reports do not agree. This confusiou is chietl}' caused by 

 the fact, that the natives themselves, who must decide in this respect, 

 are no longer sul'licienlly acquainted with them, on account of the 

 steadily increasing iidluence of Europeanisation ; they sometimes 

 ha])pen to look for information in these re|)orts, most certainly a 

 surprising result of the work of civilisation, but not exactly favour- 

 able to correction of former errors. Moreover names are given to 

 spots, which, according to our ideas, iiad uot the least claim 

 to so|)arate deiiomiuation, e.g. the name Kctengcn for the part of 

 the liindengan-wall, where the path descends towards the Pentoe ^), 

 and which links it to the southern Senq)oe-edge. For mount Sempoe 

 the name ' Kinaalidan" was also mentioned to me; this means the 

 place where a tree has been rooted up'), and so originally might 

 not have been the name of the whole mountain or range. AVhat is 

 indicated on the map as Sempoe is called by the Sarasfns, according 

 to their descri])tion, "Kelelondei" (= reversed canoe), which is some- 

 wliat a|)plicable to the oblong rounded profile. Their Sempoe or 

 Keleloeak') is the craggy range south of the path coming from the 

 settlement Kelelondei and on the north of the old volcano Manim- 

 porok. For the reasons above-mentioned I^ must leave undecided 

 which of the denominations are the correct ones. 



More imi)ortant than this simple (piestion of names is the exact 

 conception of the group of volcanoes itself. That this is so difficult to 

 get at is in the first place due to the fact, that in the rather small 

 culminating area, nearly coinciding with our map, several large 



1) According to information kindly forwardod by Dr. Theol. S. Sciioch vicar 

 of Tomohon. 



2) Londcl is one of the manifold type.s of rowing- or sailing-boats, loeak the 

 Indian wood-cat, the moesang or moevmvg of the Malays. 



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