(401 ) 



Mr. ScHOCH observed exiLMisive furrows in (he du-ei'lion of and 

 nndoid)tedlv caused />// the onward inovemeiil, as it were, a desolate 

 t'rag-landseape in miniature, with liills and valleys directed towards 

 the solfatare of 1901". 



In accordance witli the view ex|)ressed l)eforo, ((ii'st part page 

 226), that the opening through which such a mass has gradually been 

 shoved out, must be located under the highest point, the mass of 1906 

 must have taken its point of issue at the cone 4, which is also Mr. 

 Schoch's dual impression, and is clearly indicated l)y a photograph 

 of the stone- and grit-mass sent me at the time by jVJr. Schoch and 

 now in the records of the Menado-e\ploration al Batavia. The state- 

 ments of the natives atford further aftirmation that this cone worked 

 tirst. Evidently this is the new crater mentioned in the Resident's 

 and Mr. LiMiUKCi's lirst re|)orts. 



In the beginning a real eruption took place on the spot of cone 

 4 from a new crater, which surrounded itself in a few days with 

 a wall. But as early as June 21 the redhot cinder- and grit-mass 

 shosved itself: so at least 1 think we have to comment the passus in 

 the last-mentioned report that the crater "seems to consist of two 

 orifices which will certainly become one, as between these vents 

 there is but a redhot mass as separating-waJl". Hereat we must 

 observe that likewise at the Roeang at the verge of the cinder- 

 mass and of the crater here and there powerful fumaroles indicate 

 the e.Yistence of canals or less tightly packed spots ((V)inp. my 

 quoted report, Jaarb. v. h. Mijnwezen 1909 PI. 12). 



Whether and in liow far the cone 5 has also conliibuted lu the 

 formation of the block-stream cannot be decided with certainty from 

 the reports. In the middle of July and on August 18 Mr. Schoch 

 found this cone in sti'ong eruptive action. Krom a hole at the southern 

 side of the lop redhot stones and grit were ejected amidst a column 

 of tire and a large dense column of snu)ke, as high as i)erhaps 

 100 ^I. abo\ e the crater, and fell down on the Hanks, so that this 

 mound became gradually higher. In the meantime detonations were 

 heard, as is likewise reported by Mr. Limburg of the crater that was 

 first in action: on August 18 however these detonations were con- 

 siderably less violent than a month before. It seems that previously 

 the material was ejected from this crater, or from cone 4, to a greater 

 distance; Mr. Schoch at least found on his return, wheii ascending 

 not Kètëngën but one of the Sem|>oe-toj)s itself, on the sIo|)e (which 

 on oui- ma|) must be the adjacent hill-spui' on the east-side) many 

 obviously new stones. Every now and then the activity of cone 5 

 seemed to shift. Mr. Schoch repeatedly saw that towards the vsouth, 



