( 458 ) 



The line an (fig. 3) (the figures of table 5 respectively) indicates 

 the stable composition of the liquids which coexist with calcium 



w 



ir %- 



Fis. 8. 



hydroxide : It forms at ihe same time the lower demarcation for 

 the "solubility of lime in sugar solutions" ot different concen- 

 trations at 80°. The line ƒ// gives the composition of the liquids 

 which coexist with calcium hydroxide and trisaccharate in phase- 

 equilibrium ; the line forms the upper demarcation for the "solubility 

 of lime in sugar solutions" of diiferent concentrations at 80°. 



We will now apply the above matter to some known facts and 

 data : Whereas, when starting from sugar solutions and lime, we 

 will attain finally, by various means, the same condition of equili- 

 brium, the solubility of lime in sugar solutions is, practically, depend- 

 ent (1) on the nature of the lime added, (2) on the maimer of 

 adding the same and the temperatures, (3) on the amount of lime' 

 and the time of action. 



1. When lime is dissolved in sugar solutions at 80"" no trisaccha- 

 rate will be precipitated (if the sugar concentration is not too high) 

 (see table 7) but a certain amount of saccharate will always be 

 formed and, in the case of sugar concentrations below ± '15 7o'), 

 nearly always more than corresponds with the definite reaction- 

 equilibrium. The more free calcium oxide is present in the lime used 

 the more saccharate will be formed in the solution. Free calcium 

 oxide is not only present in quick lime, but also in so called slaked 

 lime and even in milk of lime so that special precautions must be 

 taken to ensure complete hydration ^). 



If now the lime content is determined of sugar solutions which 

 have been treated with lime of a different CaO-content (quick lime 



1) This limit of ± 15 "/u is deduced from the figures found by Claassen. 



2) Compare the above and also Glaassen's paper. 



