136 ANTHRACITE IN A FISSURE LODE 



Nova Scotia, and of grahamite in Western Virginia. Their 

 associations with metalKferous minerals is much rarer, 

 but Dana records* elaterite (with lead ore and calcite) 

 from the Odin lead mine in Derbyshire, resin (wdth calcite 

 and pearlspar) from the Settling Stones lead mine in 

 Northumberland, and idrialite (mixed with cinnibar, clay,. 

 pyrite and gypsum, in brown-black earthy material) from 

 the Idrian mercury mines, Austria ; and certain of the 

 asphalite veins of Peru include lenses of sulphides and are 

 mined for vanadium. f 



APPENDIX III. 



Graphite. 



Graphite is believed to be in certain cases an end 

 product in the destructive distillation of petroleum that 

 has risen from below. { Besides occurring disseminated 

 in some of the older rocks of the earth's crust it is known 

 in fissure veins in Quebec (in gneiss), Ceylon (in granite 

 rock), Cumberland (in greenstone porphyry) and Siberia 

 (in granite and limestone). § 



Associated with iron ores it is found at a number of 

 localities ; but Cirkel, the Canadian authority, mentions 

 only one occurrence with gold (in quartz at the Sunnyside 

 Extension mine, San Juan), although it occurs in several 

 silver veins in Ontario, || including the Silver Islet, 

 La Rose and Cobalt Hill). Liversidge mentions $ its 

 occurrence with quartz, iron pyrites, and pyromorphite 

 at the head of the Abercrombie River. 



In our own State, Mr. Dunstan has shownT that 

 the granites of Croydon are graphitic and contain iron 

 pyrites, copper pyrites, galena and arsenical pyrites in 

 small quantities, and though he does not actually affirm 

 it, the carbon appears to have been the precipitating agent. 



* System of Mineralogy. 



t Op. cit. (16). 



X See Geikie's Text Book of Geology, 4th Edition, p. 18G. 



§ Graphite. By Fritz Cirkel, Dept. of Mines, Canada, 1907. 



|] J. Can., M.I., Vol. 10, p. 55. 



$ Minerals of New South Wales. London, 1888. 



IT G.S.Q. Pub., Nos. 202 and 212. 



