1070 
Althoagh, in our opinion, this modus operandi (see Dissertation 
C.S. J. Ortvier) cannot be expected to give accurate results it was 
rendered probable by him that, when in the ketone synthesis the 
proportion AIC, :C,H,COCI is smaller than (or at most only equal 
to) unity, the reaction was of the first order. With an excess of 
AICI], a reaction of the second order would have to be assumed 
where the AICI, would combine with the acid chloride as well as 
with the toluene. 
The latter course of reaction would always have to be assumed 
with FeCl, as catalyst. The figures found by him for the synthesis 
of phenyltolylmethane differ so much that they do not admit of a 
safe conclusion. 
Much more regular are the figures obtained by H. GoLpscumipt 
and H. Larsen’) in their research on the chlorination of nitrobenzene 
and the benzylation of anisole in the presence of substances such 
as SnCl, and AICI,. 
They obtained the result that the reaction was of the first order 
and that the constant was directly proportional with the concentration 
of the catalyst. 
As in the chlorination of benzene, the action of the catalyst appears 
not to be disturbed by the reaction products. 
If we consider that AICI, unites with the nitrobenzene as well 
as with the anisole to molecular compounds, and that these substances 
were always present in large excess, this result is not a matter of 
great surprise. 
The catalyst is then greatly paralysed, which condition cannot 
be modified to any extent by the formation of chloronitrobenzene 
(benzylanisole, respectively) in small quantities in regard to the nitro- 
benzene (anisole, respectively). 
That in the benzylation of anisole AICI, is not very active is 
shown by the fact that this reaction could still be measured at 25° 
in a N/,, solution of AICI,, although as a rule the hydrogen atoms 
of anisole are much more readily substituted than those of benzene. 
The exceedingly slow chlorination of nitrobenzene at 50° may be 
due to the paralytic condition of the calalyst as well as to the lesser 
activity of the benzene hydrogen atoms. 
From this survey as to what has been carried out in this direction 
it follows that a systematic research under various conditions was 
y much to be desired. ; 
The only somewhat trustworthy results were obtained in the 
very 
1) Zeitschr. phys. Ch. 48, 424 (1904). 
