( -I"-' ) 



the old-Englisli scale, scJude^), this schalie is fV)rnicfl froui llie old- 

 French escalllc (Fr. ecaiUe, Ital. sca.(/lia), vvliich, i)i its Itini liowever, 

 lias been burrowed from (Teriiuiuie"). Now, whci'c iheso two words 

 are closely connected both in origin and in meaning, it cannot be 

 subject to serious objection to identify the Kng. vA^/A' : "a|)|)lied to all 

 argillaceous strata . . . which split u[) more oi- less jterfectlv in their 

 line of bedding," ■') with the Dutch tei-m scludlc. 



Prof. J. W. MuLLEK had the kindness to ('(^nimunicatc to me as 

 follows''): As far as 1 can go into the (jiiestion, the state of things 

 with these two words is the following: Time out of mind lei in 

 Holland, Uti-echt and the (north and south) eastern j)rovinces (cf. 

 also Lorelei, Erpeler Lei on the Rhine, etc.), schal/C on the; olhei- 

 hand in the southwest: Flanders, Zeeland and Sontli-llollaiid isles, 

 have been the only word for both kinds of rocks, now more closely 

 distinguished by geologists. Now you wish to confine the north- 

 eastern w^ord to the one, the soidh-western to the other kind. Of 

 course this is something arbitrary, but in a scientilic terminology, 

 such unnatural and artificial distinctions are necessary, and there is 

 nothing against it; the Flemish people will continue calling evei-ything 

 schalie, the Dutch lei, and there is no objection to this either". 

 Prof. G. A. F. MoLENGKAAFF was so kind as to write to me that 

 already at his lectures he availed himself of the term schalie, as an 

 equivaleid of the English shale'"); a happy circumstance, which not 

 only pleads for the weight of the grounds alleged, Itut will at the 

 same time contribute much to make this tei'ui entei' into general use "). 



The English slate "') refers to argillaceous rocks, which by a meta- 

 morphosis, in which the |)i'essure has predominated but a chemical 



1) Muller, II. 3G5. 



~) Gf. Anglo-saxon scealu, putamcii, gkaiia; (.ï<»tic skalja, "Ziegel, eigentlifli 

 wohl Schindel, Scliuppenarliges", Kluge, 331 ; Franck, Elym. Woordb. d. ned. 

 Taal, 827; Mülleh, II, 365; Kluge, 294,351; Vkrwms and Verdam, VII, 224: (üiimm, 

 VIII, 2060-2064. 



3) Nicholson cf. Wright, V, 348. Arch. Geikie's delinition runs (o)). ril. 2d edit 

 1885, 164), sJtale, (synon. Fr. sciii^te, G. SclileferUiou], "clay that lias ai^suined a 

 thinly stratified or fissile structure," see further Jas. Geikie, 62. By the side of the 

 French argile schisteuse vtc find the Ital. scl^lo argiJIobo (aruillosci^lo) and 

 argilla scagUosa, lit. kleiscJialie. 



4) Letter of 24 Dec. '07. 



^) Dec. 16tli '07: for argillaceous on other rocks "with iudis'inct, more or less 

 shelly stratification." 



6) The term schalie was used by Ihc lale Prof. J. L. G. Schroeuer v. u. Koi.k 

 for the Eng. cryHtalUne schist, but could nol maintain itself in this moaning ^ 



■7) Old-Eng. slat, sclat, sklat, old-Fr. esclat, Fr. ixlat; Gotgrave says: "esclat^ 

 a shiver, splinter, also a thin lalli or shingle" cf. Muller, U, 400—401. 



