1165 
of larvae and pupae of H. sanguinea; I perfectly agree with Maas’s 
statements; only in my specimens I discovered sometimes, though 
very scantily, isochelae. And Torsent (1911 a p. LX) says about 
the larvae of Maas’s sponge: “La ressemblance en est tres grande 
avec celle que je viens de decrire...” (viz. Hymeniacidon caruncula). 
Taking everything together [ believe that we may draw up the 
following list of synonyms of Hymeniacidon sanguinea (Grant) Bwk. : 
1826 (1). Spongia sanguinea GRANT. 
1828. Halichondria sanguinea FLEMING. 
1848. Halispongia sanguinea Gray. 
1857. Hymeniacidon caruncula BOWERBANK. 
1862. Suberites crambe Scumipt. 
1862. Suberites fruticosus SCHMIDT. 
1866. Hymemacidon caruncula BOWERBANK. 
1866. Hymeniacidon consimilis BoWeRBANK. 
1866. Hymeniacidon mammeata BOWERBANK. 
1866. Hymeniacidon sanguinea BowERBANK. 
1866. Hymeniacidon viridans BoweRBANK. 
1874. Hymeniacidon medius BOWERBANK. 
1880. Crambe harpago Vosmarr. 
1882. Amorphina caruncula BoWERBANK-NORMAN. 
1882. Amorphina consimilis BOWeRBANK-NORMAN. 
1882. Amorphina sanguinea BOWERBANK-NORMAN 
1882. Reniera mammeata BOwERBANK-NORMAN. 
1882. Reniera caruncula BOWERBANK-NORMAN. 
1882. Reniera consimilis BOWERBANK-NORMAN. 
1882. Reniera sanguinea BOWERBANK-NORMAN. 
1882. Reniera viridans BOWERBANK-NORMAN. 
1884. Hymeniacidon agminata Ripiey. 
1888. Amorphina viridans Topsent. 
1892 («)._Stylinos brevicuspis Topsent. 
1893. Axinella erista-galli Maas. 
1894 (e). Crambe fruticosus Topsrnt. 
1894 (y). Tetranthella fruticosa LENDENFELD. 
1899 (a). Crambe crambe THIELE. 
With this conception of Hymeniacidon sanguinea we may say 
that it isfa sponge which usually appears as a scarlet’) crust. In 
1!) Of course the red colour is not always exactly the same; sometimes it is 
more blood-red or coral-red, sometimes more scarlet ete. On the whole it generally 
comes nearest “miniatus” of Saccarpo’s list. 
