1376 
zontal and directed upward, and for so far as it passed 
through the liquid, insulated by a rubber tube slipped 
over it. 
The liquid was continually strongly stirred by a stirrer 
of Wirt, which was a few cm. above the cathode. The 
anode was formed by three graphite rods fastened to 
the wall of the beaker. To keep the cathode and anode 
space separated, the cathode was at first placed in a 
porous pot. It appeared, however, that without a porous 
pot, the results were the same, hence it was not used 
in later experiments. 
When the determinations were carried out, the cathode 
Fig. 1. 
was cleaned and weighed, and then placed in the bath; then 
the circuit was closed, the strength of which was read on an accurate 
amperemeter. The quantity of electricity that had passed through was 
calculated from the time and the intensity of the current. After the expe- 
riment was over, the cathode was weighed. The diminution in weight of 
the cathode gives the quantity of scattered lead. This expressed in 
gramme equivalents, divided by the quantity of electricity that has 
passed, expressed in Faradays, was used as measure for the scattering 
power of the metal. This ratio is henceforth expressed by A. 
3. The power of scattering of lead in solutions of sodium hydroxide, 
sodium carbonate, and sodium sulphate for different densities of 
current. At the beginning of the research it appeared that the found 
values for the scattering power could not very well be reproduced. 
Alternately high and low values were found without any regularity 
showing itself at first. 
On further investigation if now appeared that first of all the purity 
of the lead was of great influence on the power of scattering. Thus 
in Na,CO, with a density of 0,64 amp. per em.” lead of KaunrBAUM 
gave A—1,60, pure lead of unknown origin A= 1,52, and two 
kinds of technical lead resp. 1.00 and 0.58. The manipulation of 
the metal has no influence: cast and forged or rolled out lead 
yield the same results. Further the values of the power of 
scattering were always smallest at the beginning of a series of expe- 
riments. Both a new electrode and‘a fresh solution gave a too low 
value at first, which after 3 of 4 determinations generally rose to 
a constant value. The cause of this has not been cleared up. As to 
the influence of the age of the used solution, one might be of opinion 
that the too low values found in a fresh solution are the conse- 
quence of dissolved oxygen, which is removed by the seattered lead, 
