coexisting liquid will diminish to a still greater degree, so that /n 2) 
L 
will become smaller negative or greater positive. It is evident that 
the two equations, if they are correct, must give the same result, 
as is really the case here. 
Hence we have come to the conclusion in this way that a metal 
with the most simple constitution can exhibit the phenomenon of 
anodic polarisation, resp. passivity as well and in virtue of the same 
circumstance as a more complicated metal. The said phenomena will 
present themselves for every metal when the removal of metal ions 
and electrons from the metal takes place more rapidly than their 
formation in the metal’). It is clear that a passivity brought about 
by chemical action, might be explained in exactly the same way 
when we consider that ions and electrons react chemically more 
quickly than uncharged atoms. We have not mentioned cathodic 
polarisation here, but it is clear that this phenomenon is to be expected 
here too, and can then be explained according to the same principle. 
In a following communication the cases will be treated represented 
by the equations (2) and (3). 
The views given here are new, as far as we have been able to 
ascertain. In our subsequent study of the literature we have only 
in one place come across statements which suggest that the writer 
had views tending in the same direction in which the problem is treated 
here, but the thoughts were not elaborated. We allude here to a 
paper by Hasrr and Zawapsky *); this paper ends with an ‘“Anhang”, 
and in this the statements above referred to are found. 
(To be continued). 
Anorganic Chemical Laboratory of 
Amsterdam, February 24, 1916. the University. 
Chemistry. — “On the allotropy of the ammonium halides”. IL*). 
By Dr. F. EB. C. Scaerrrr. (Communicated by Prof. A. F. 
HOLLEMAN). 
(Communicated in the meeting of Feb. 26, 1916). 
10. The transformation heat of ammonium chloride at the tran- 
sition point. 
I have determined the difference of energy of the two modifica- 
1) From this must ensue that the superficial electric conductivity of a metal 
must be smaller in the passive state than in the active state. 
2) Zeitschr. f. physik. Chem. 78, 228 (1911). 
5) First communication. These Proc, XVII p. 446, 
