1558 
In Cossids, as well as in other groups of moths and butterflies, the 
anterior border of the fore-wings is ornamented by a series of short 
transverse striae of various breadth and arranged in different species 
at various distances from each other. They streteh from this border 
to the subcosta or pass over it up to the radius and its branches. 
In doing so, they often show their composition out of as many 
components as the number of internervural spaces they stretch over. 
This is shown either by the imperfect correspondence of two suc- 
ceeding parts, producing the impression of a dislocation, or by a slight 
difference in direction, or in breadth. 
This design ofthe frontmargin is not restricted to Cossids, but 
occurs as well in Hepialids, Nymphalids, Tortricids, Drepanids ete. 
therefore in the most divergent families of Lepidoptera, but also in 
different Trichoptera e.g. Neuronia, Phryganea ete. and in just the 
same way as described above for the former order. 
2. The terminal spots of the veins along the 
outer margin. 
At the extremities of the longitudinal veins, where they touch the 
external margin, spots are found in different families of moths and 
butterflies, which often stand in intimate connection with the design 
of “the distal wing-area, but in other cases appear independent of 
this pattern, their colour sometimes corresponding to the general 
hue, in other instances differing from it. These spots again return in 
some Trichoptera e.g. the beautiful Neuwronia imperialis, var. regina. 
3. The transverse markings and the reticular 
diesaiom. 
In Cossids especially the reticular design is developed to perfection. 
The internervural spaces in this group are filled up by a frame- 
work, consisting of darker lines, containing lighter spaces of variable 
size. In some places the mazes of the network are broadened at 
the cost of the enclosed areas, which are thereby diminished or 
wholly obliterated. A second motive, which likewise plays an impor- 
tant part in Cossids, as well as in other groups, is formed by the 
internervurai transverse bars, standing perpendicularly to the longi- 
tudinal nervures, and limited by these, so as to keep within the 
precincts of a single internervural space. This motive therefore 
corresponds to the markings along the anterior margin, but on 
special reasons may be separately treated. 
Just the same thing oceurs with great distinctness in Trichoptera 
e.g. the indigenous Phryganea varia, and the Japanese Neuronia 
imperialis. Even the transformation of both these motives, is similar 
