Occasional Papers of the Museum cf Zoology 3 



through the preserve. Along the river and in its bends there 

 are moderate-sized flood-plains. 



On the flood-plains a few small buttonbush swamps occur; 

 and along the margins of the river a few freshly formed mud 

 bars have not yet become forested; but most of the flood-plains 

 are covered by heavy forest. The higher ground, except that 

 in the clearing, is covered by heavy beech-maple forest. 



Several types of habitats are represented in the clearing: in 

 a few of the cleared ravines a thick growth of sedges and iris 

 occurs; on the higher ground small areas are dominated by rushes, 

 other areas by sedges, while the greater part is covered by grass. 

 In parts of the clearing blackberries and other shrubs have grown 

 up to form thickets, and in many places, especially along the edges 

 of ravines, second-growth trees of oak, maple, or beech grow 

 in the thickets or form small groves. 



The mammal habitats found on the preserve may be listed 

 as follows: 



Natural kabitals Modified and artificial habitats 



Aquatic habitat Second-growth forest and scrub 



Buttonbush-swamp habitat habitat 



Shore habitat Cleared-ravine sedge habitat 



Mud-bar herbage habitat Cleared-upland rush habitat 



Flood-plain forest habitat Cleared-upland sedge habitat 



Beech-maple forest habitat Cleared-upland blue-grass habitat 



Aerial habitat Cultivated field habitat 



Orchard habitat 

 Edificarian habitat 



It is unfortunate that all of the area in clearing and about 

 half of the forested area on the preserve has been and is being 

 heavily pastured by cattle and horses. The presence of stock 

 has changed the native conditions so much that, so far as inter- 

 preting the primitive mammal associations is concerned, little 

 dependence can be placed on studies made in that portion of the 

 preserve. The grass and herbage is extensively eaten off, and 



