y above the ground. 



ANTHROPOMETRY 27 



(&) The method of projection is adopted in all cases save those in 

 which special mention is made of a different method. 



(c) For "paired" measurements, the left side is recommended; but 

 measurements of both the right and left sides are to be made in the 

 two cases following: 



height of the acromion 

 height of the great trochanter^ 



(d) Observers are requested to indicate in every case, with precision, 

 their method and the instruments employed. 



(e) Those persons desirous of undertaking anthropometric work are 

 very particularly urged to obtain preliminary practical instruction in 

 a laboratory, and not to be content with a merely theoretical study of 

 the various methods and processes of mensuration. 



III. DETAILED DEFINITIONS OP THE MEASUHEMENTS APPROVED BY THE COMMISSION 



AND THE CONGRESS 



1. Stature: The subject stands erect on a horizontal and resisting 

 plane surface (hereafter spoken of as "the ground"): no support is 

 to be given by a vertical plane : the upper limbs are pendant, the palms 

 of the hands turned inwards, and the fingers pointed vertically down- 

 wards, the heels in contact, and the axis of vision horizontal. The 

 height of the vertex above the ground is to be measured in this position. 



2. *^Auditory canal: anatomical landmark (point de replre) the bot- 

 tom of the notch between the tragus and the helix. (This point had 

 been adopted previously at the Monaco Congress: cf. op. cit. p. 391.) 



3. *Chin: anatomical landmark: the inferior border of the mandible 

 in the median plane. 



4. * Supra-sternal notch: anatomical landmark: the deepest point in 

 the hollow of the notch. 



5. *Mammilla or Nipple: anatomical landmark: the center of the 

 nipple. This measurement is not applicable to women with pendant 

 breasts. 



6. * Umbilicus or Navel: anatomical landmark: the center of the 

 umbilical cicatrix. 



7. *Pubes: anatomical landmark: the upper border of the symphy- 

 sis pubis in the middle line. Where this point is impalpable, guidance 



• Measurements preceded by an asterisk, thus *, are those in which the subject 

 retains the position already indicated for the measurement of the stature. [In 

 making the measurements 2-8 and 10-18 inclusive the height of the "anatomical 

 landmark" above the ground is to be determined. W. L. H. D.] 



