ANTHROPOMETRY 29 



21. *Bi-humeral diameter: maximum distance between the two prom- 

 inences formed by the deltoid muscles. Secondary measurement.* 



22. *Bi-mammillary diameter: distance between the two nipple- 

 points (cf. note appended to No. 5). Secondary measurement. 



23. *Bi-cristal diameter: maximum distance between the external 

 margins of the iliac crests. In making this measurement, the observer 

 is to direct the arms of the sliding compass obliquely downwards, and 

 from before backwards. 



24. *Bi-spinal diameter: measured between the two anterior superior 

 ihac spines (cf. No. 13 supra). 



25. *Bi-trochanteric diameter: maximum distance between the ex- 

 ternal surfaces of the great trochanters. In making this measurement 

 the superficial tissues are to be strongly compressed. 



26. *External conjugate (antero-posterior) diameter of the pelvis: ana- 

 tomical landmarks: in front, the superior margin of the symphysis 

 pubis in the middle line : posteriorly, the tip of the spinous process of 

 the fifth lumbar vertebra. 



27.' *Transverse diameter of the thorax (No. 1). This measurement 

 is to be made in the horizontal plane at the level of the base of the ensi- 

 form cartilage. The observer is to record the mean of the measure- 

 ments taken at the extremes of inspiration and of expiration respect- 

 ively: alternatively, the measurement may be made in the intermediate 

 stage as regards those two phases of respiration. 



28. * Transverse diameter of the thorax (No. 2). This measurement 

 is to be made in the horizontal plane at the level of the upper border 

 of the fourth chondro-sternal articulation. The same observation (as 

 to the phases of respiration) applied here as to No. 27 q.v. Secondary 

 measurement. 



29. *Antero-posterior diameter of the thorax (No. 1). This measure- 

 ment is to be made in the same horizontal plane as is defined in the 

 case of the transverse diameter of the thorax No. 1 (cf. No. 27). The 

 same observation (as to the phases of respiration) applies to this 

 measurement as to No. 27 q.v. 



30. *Antero-posterior diameter of the thorax (No. 2). This measure- 

 ment is to be made in the same plane as is defined in the case of 

 the transverse diameter of the thorax No. 2 (cf. No. 28). The same 



* A certain number of measurements are thus described in accordance with the 

 instructions of the Commission. 



» In making measurements Nos. 27 to 30 inclusive, care is to be taken that the 

 extremities of the caUiper-arms are wide, since with the ordinary pointed arms there 

 is a danger of error owing to the points sUpping on to an intercostal space. 



