14 Bulletin American Museum of Natural History. [Vol. XXII, 



Another species (C. artifex), according to Mayr,i builds paper nests 

 in Siam and Singapore. In Madagascar C. 'ranavaloncB Forel builds 

 spherical carton nests 3 dcm. (i foot) in diameter and C. tricolor of 

 the same island has a very similar habit. 2 In Africa no less than 

 three species (C. inconspicua, margaritce, and stadehnanni var. inter- 

 media) have been shown by Mayr and Aurivillius to construct large 

 paper nests. ^ These authors describe an intermedia nest that was 

 68 cm. long, 37 cm. broad, and 80 cm. in circumference. 



In tropical America there are several carton builders among the 

 species of Cremastogaster. F. Smith long ago figured the paper nests 

 of the Mexican C. montezumia * and Forel has more recently shown 

 that similar structures are made by C. sulcata, its variety ramulinida 

 and C. stolli in Central America and Colombia.^ C. stolli also makes 

 long vaulted galleries which wind about on the tree trunks and along 

 the small branches in the thickets. The ants move about in these 

 galleries and rarely expose themselves to the open air. This species 

 is of particular interest in connection with the tent-building habits of 

 C. lineolata. 



Turning from these strictly arboreal species of Cremastogaster, we 

 are led to inquire whether there are any indications of the carton- 

 building instinct in the terrestrial species like C. lineolata. McCook 

 several years ago briefly described the nesting habits of this ant as 

 follows*^: "The favorite nesting place is under stones or underneath 

 and within the decayed matter of old logs and stumps. This material 

 is sometimes prepared by the ant as a paper-like pulp, and arranged 

 into cells and chambers, which are attached to the surfaces of logs." 

 Similar carton constructions are often built under stones. Fig. 4, 

 PI. IV, shows the surface chambers of a large C. lineolata nest found 

 under a stone in a pasture near Colebrbok, Connecticut. In the 

 center of the figure, to the left of the main opening leading into the 

 subterranean galleries, there is a large chamber containing pebbles 

 and traversed by a branching rootlet which is covered with irregular 

 masses of black carton. In other nests somewhat greater accumula- 

 tions of this substance are occasionally found. 



In a variety of lineolata not uncommon in tlie mountains of Colo- 



^ Loco citato, pp. 40, 41. 



^ Crandidier. Histoire Physique, Naturelle et Politique de Madagascar. XX Hymenoptferes, 

 a. Partie. Les Formicides par A. Forel, 1891, pi. vii. 



^ Mayr,G. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Insektenfauna von Kamerun. Formiciden. Entomol. 

 Tidskr., Arg. 17, H. 3, 1896, pp. 253-255. Taf. 4, 5. 



* Catalog. Hymenopt. Insects, in Coll. Brit. Mus., Pt. VI, Formicidse, 1858, pi. i. 



'Biol. Centrali-Amer., Hymenoptera, Vol. Ill, Formicidae, 1899-1900, pp. 8;j, 84, pi. ii, figs. 

 1 and 2. The nest of C. sulcata is also described by Emery in his Studii sulle Formiche della Fauna 

 Neotropica. I, Bull. Soc. Ent. Ital., XXII, i8qo, p. 53. 



° Formicarise in Comstock's Report upon Cotton Insects. Washington, 1879, p. 188. 



