MARINE ALG OF THE PASSAMAQUODDY REGION 79 
SESSIONAL PAPER No. 38a 
THE MARINE ALGZ OF THE PASSAMAQUODDY REGION, NEW 
BRUNSWICK. 
By A. B. Kuueu, M.A., 
Queen’s University, Kingston, Ont. 
(Plate VIII.) 
The work which forms the basis of this report was done at the Marine Biological 
Station, St. Andrews, N.B., in April, May and June, 1912, and May, June, August and 
September, 1915. 
The region covered is from St. Stephen, at the head of navigation on the St. Croix 
river, to Grand Manan. 
The Algal flora of this region is distinctly boreal in character, as is shown by the 
luxuriant growth of Fuct and Laminariae, and by the occurrence in comparatively 
shallow water of Dictyosiphon hippuroides, Halosaccion ramentaceum, Saccorhiza 
dermatodea, Agarum turneri and Monostroma fuscum blyttit. 
There is a considerable difference in the Algal flora of what we may term “inside” 
and “outside” points. By “inside” we mean on the mainland side of Passamaquoddy 
bay, by “outside” the shores of the islands (Deer, Pendleton’s and MacMaster’s) which 
form the outer boundary of the bay, and all points beyond these islands. These 
differences in the Algal flora may be pretty deflnitely traced to differences in the 
salinity of the water “outside” and “inside.” Inside the water has a specific gravity at 
the surface of from 1.0226 to 1.0235, and a percentage of total salts of from 2-99 to 
3.202, while outside waters have a specific gravity of from 1.0285 to 1.0242, and a total 
salt content of from 3-201 to 3.280 per cent. For these figures I am indebted to the 
work of Mr. G. G. Copeland in 1909, published in the report of the Biological Stations 
of Canada “Contributions to Canadian Biology, 1906-1910.” 
The only paper dealing with the alge of this region of which I have any know- 
ledge is Prof. D. C. Eaton’s “List of Marine Alge collected near Eastport, Maine, in 
‘August and September, 1873, in connection with the work of the United States Fish 
Commission,” and, where his records are for Canadian stations and for species which I 
have not. collected, I quote them here. 
In many countries the marine alge are of great economic importance, as food, as 
the source of food products such as isinglass, in the production of a “size” for textile 
fabrics, in the clarifying of beer and wines, as the source of iodine and potassium, in 
the manufacture of a very strong adhesive known as seaweed glue, in the production 
of a demulcent for use in relieving coughs, and as a fertilizer. Except that some are 
put to the last-mentioned use along the coast, and small quantities of dulse (Rhody- 
menia palmata) are gathered and dried for eating, the marine alge are made no use 
of in Canada, and therefore represent one of our undeveloped resources. 
1.—CYANOPHYCEA., 
Gomphospheria aponina, Kuetzing.—In brackish pool off Kitty’s cove, St. Andrews, 
September 6, 1918. 
Pleurocapsa fuliginosa, Hauck—Common on sandstone conglomerate cliffs at 
high-tide mark in places moistened by dripping fresh water near the Biological Station. 
This species forms thin black coatings. This is the first Canadian record. 
