TURTUR. 33 



Scully, S/r. F. viii. p. 340 ; Oates, Str. F. x. p. 235; id., B. Br. Burm. ii. 

 p. 292; Murray, Avif. Brit. Ind. ii. p. 513, No. 1169. Columba meena, 

 Sykes, P. Z. S. 1S32, p. 140. Turtur rupicolus {Pall.), Jerd., B. hid. ii. 

 p. 476, No. 792. — Tlie Rufous Turtle Dove. 



Forehead, crown, nape, hind neck and back ashy brown, suffused with 

 vinous, and the feathers indistinctly edged with rufous ; a patch on the neck 

 black with greyish tips ; lower back and rump dark ashy, edged paler ; upper 

 tail coverts brown, edged with pale rufous ; scapulars, tertiaries, lesser and 

 median coverts brown, broadly edged with rufous ; greater coverts and secon- 

 daries edged with ashy, the innermost ones edged with rufous ; primaries 

 dark brown edged with rufous ; lower plumage vinous red, tinged with purplish 

 in some, paler on the chin and throat; sides of the body, under wing coverts, 

 vent and under tail coverts ashy ; central tail feathers ashy brown, the others 

 ashy brown, tipped with grey ( Ocz/^fj) ; bill brown, with a tinge of ashy on the 

 basal half; iris orange-red ; legs vinous red. 



Length — 13 inches; tail 5 ; wing 7; tarsus ri; bill from gape i. 



Hab. — The Himalayas to Nepaul and Ceylon. It is a permanent resident of 

 the hilly portions of Southern India, and of the broken belt of hills that stretch 

 across the continent of India from the northern portions of the Western Ghauts 

 to Cuttack ; thence it extends into Eastern Bengal, Khasia hills, Cachar 

 Assam and along the bases of the Himalayas as far west as the Sikkim and 

 Nepaul Terais, and again southwards into Arrakan, Pegu and Northern 

 Tenasserim. {Hu?ne.) Breeds from December to April, but the majority lay in 

 March, April and May. The number of eggs is two, and like all doves, pure 

 glossy white. 



46. Turtur Senegalensis {Linn), Lev. 0. A. t. 270; Tem. Pig., 

 t. 45 ; id., Descr. Egypt, t, 9, 3; Gray, Handlist Birds, No. 9317; Bl/., 

 East. Pers. p. 270 ; Hume, Str. F. vii. 463; Murray, Avif. Brit. Ind. 

 ii. p. 51-4, No. 1 1 70, Turtur cambayensis {G?n.), Jerd., B. Ind. iii. p. 478, 

 No. 794 ; Murray, Hdbk, ZooL, Sfc., Sind. p. 193 ; id., Vert. ZooL, Sind, 

 p. 203. — The Little Brown Dove. 



Head, nape, lores and sides of the face pinkish vinaceous, as are also 

 the sides of the neck, throat and breast, gradually shading to paler on 

 the upper abdomen, and white or fulvous white on the lower abdomen, 

 vent and under tail coverts ; chin white, sides with a patch of black and dark 

 rufous feathers ; back and scapulars brown, the latter with a slight rufous tinge ; 

 primaries and their coverts dusky brown, first three quills edged with fulvous 

 white ; secondaries darker brown than the primaries, slightly edged and tipped 

 with pale grey ; wing coverts pale grey, the edges of the feathers lighter ; 

 rump, upper tail coverts and central tail feathers like the back, the others black 

 at the base and white for nearly their terminal half ; edge of the wing and 

 5 



