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fituations, branched; on rocks and bogs, it fel- 

 dom grows to a large fize. In black foil, it 

 becomes difeafed; and in chalky land it dies. 

 Sometimes it will thrive near running, but never 

 near llagnant waters. The roots fpread near the 

 furface of the earth, except the central root, which 

 grows perpendicularly downwards; and if this be 

 broken off, or interrupted in its paffage by rocks, 

 the' ftem ceafes to fhoot upwards, and the tree 

 ever remains a dwarf 



This tree furniQies us with the befl red or yellow 

 deal. Its bark will tan leather. The Northern 

 nations make bread from this tree in the following 

 manner: — They choofe a tree whofe trunk is even, 

 (for thefe contain the leaft refin) and ftrip off the 

 bark in the fpring, when it peels mod eafily. 

 This they firft dry gently in the fhade, then in a 

 greater heat, and reduce it to powder; with this 

 powder, they mix a fmall quantity of meal, and 

 with water knead it into bread. This they eat in 

 common. The young fhoots diftilled, afford a 

 fragrant effential oil. 



WilloWy and Poplar. 



The common ufes of thefe trees are well known ; 

 but that fpecies called Abeky or Populus Alba^ 

 (common in woods and hedges) deferves particular 

 notice, on account of the virtue its bark poffefTes 



