KEY TO FAMILIES. — LAND BIRDS. lea 
Part 2. Tip of upper mandible, not notched or hooked. 
Bill, as illustrated; back, brown; rump, with 
concealed white spots; outer tail feathers, shortest 5 
tarsus, scutellate. 
Family TROGLODYTIDAZ. Wrens. 
See page 312. 
Bill, as illustrated; back, gray or bluish gray 3 nos- 
trils, concealed by tufts of bristly feathers. 
Family PARIDA:. 
Subfamily SITTINAE. Nuthatches. 
see page 317. 
&." & Bil, as illustrated; throat, black; crown, black 
Sn and no rufous brown on sides (Chickadee), or forehead, A 
Ly R¥ Ear Vela . ; e ‘ 
4 bls black; sides. with rufous brown (‘Vitmouse). xs 
ae S 
Mei Family PARIDAE. Chickadees and Titmice. 552 
Sd 
see page 318. 
Section 2. First primary, not short, always more than 
half as long as third. 
Part 1. Tip of upper mandible, with small but distinct hook or notch. 
Ee 
bie Bill, flattened and wide at 
Bi base; numerous black bristles at 
base of bill; back of tarsus, rounded ; i = GS 
wing, longer than tai ; 353 re 
g, ge an tail. 3 oe 
ae Top of bill. Side of bill. 
yy Family TYRANNIDA:. Flycatchers. 
; q 
¢ | 
See page 200. 
