192 KEY TO THE BIRDS OF EASTERN NORTH AMERICA. 
Toes, three; crown, 
black; back, black, 
without white. 
Arctic Three-toed Woodpecker. 
Picoides arcticus (female). 
See No. 328. 
‘Toes, three; crown, yel- 
low: hack, black and 
white. 
American Three-toed W odpecker. 
Banded=backed Woodpecker. 
Picoides americanus (male). 
See No. 329. 
Toes, three; crown, black, marked with white; back, blach and white. 
American Three-toed Woodpecker. 
Banded=backed Woodpecker. 
Picoides americanus (female). 
See No. 329. 
Section 2. The following species have four toes; no trace 
of red on crown or nape. 
Ear coverts, black; no 
white on inner web of two 
middle tail feathers; mid- 
dle of back, more or less 
white, but not heavily 
banded as in borealis ; 
lower rump and upper 
tail coverts, black. 
Hairy Woodpecker. 
Driyobates villosus (female). 
See No. 324. 
