FAMILY FRINGILLID®.— SPARROWS, FINCHES, CROSSBILLS, ETC. DST 
Crown and back, dark brown, with indistinct streaks; no white on tail; under- 
parts, white, with numerous brown spots or streaks (female). Purple Finch. 
Carpodacus purpureus. 
Crown, with crest of red feathers ; back, olive; underparts, tawny, shading 
to olive on the sides; under surface of wing, red (female). Cardinal Grosbeak. 
Cardinalis cardinalis. 
See No. 442. 
Crown, with fiery red patch; a black spot on the chin; belly, white; rump, 
white. Greenland Redpoli. 
Acanthis hornemannii. 
See No. 394. 
Group 6. Wing, 3.75 to 4.25 inches long. 
Part 1. The following species have more or less red on the under- 
parts * : — 
General plumage, rose red, usually 
mixed with more or less gray ; 
wing coverts, edged with pinkish 
white. Pine Grosbeak. 
Pinicola enucleator. 
See No. 388. 
Throat and base of bill, 
black; general plumage, 
red; crown, with more 
or less of a crest; wings 
and tail, not black (male). 
Cardinal Grosbeak. 
Oardinalis cardinalis. 
See No. 442. 
* If bird is red or olive green, with wing between 3.35 and 4 inches long (bend of wing to tip), see Family 
Tanagride. The bill of a Tanager somewhat resembles that of a Finch. 
