250 A MANUAL OF THE BIRDS OF AUSTRALIA, 
Adult male-—Head, hind-neck, sides of the neck, and mantle dark vinous. 
somewhat darker on the nape and hind-neck ; wings and interscapular region green, 
with coppery reflections ; some of the lesser wing-coverts edged with white, forming 
a band ; bastard-wing and primary-coverts black ; quills dark brown, with chestnut 
on the inner webs ; back, rump, and upper tail-coverts greenish-black, with indistinct 
metallic bars, in certain lights, and grey bands across the rump, the long upper tail- 
coverts paler towards the base; outer tail-feathers grey, with a subapical black 
band, remainder of the tail bronzy-brown ; sides of the face, chin, throat, and fore- 
neck vinous, becoming paler on the abdomen and sides of the body ; vent and under 
tail-coverts slate-grey, longer ones blackish ; under wing-coverts and the greater 
part of the quill-lining chestnut; bill red, base greyish-blue ; iris brown, orbits 
grey; feet dull red. ‘Total length 240 mm.; culmen 22, wing 1538, tail 89, 
tarsus 27, 
Adult female.—Differs from the adult male in having the head and hind-neck 
paler vinous ; wing-bar grey, instead of white; upper tail-coverts brown, with 
dark edges to the feathers; chin, throat and under-surface rust-brown ; under 
tail-coverts reddish-brown, with dark edges. Total length 233 mm,.; culmen 22, 
wing 147, tail 79, tarsus 25. 
Adult male.—WHead, hind-neck, sides of the neck and mantle lilac, somewhat 
darker on the hinder part of the head ; wings and interscapular region green, with 
very strong coppery reflections ; a large white patch on the shoulder, which occupies 
the greater portion of the lesser wing-coverts ; bastard-wing and primary-coverts 
black ; quills dark brown on the margins of the outer webs, chestnut on the inner 
ones, the latter colour encroaching on both webs at the base of the inner primaries 
and secondary-quills ; lower back blackish, with minute bronze bars on some of the 
feathers and crossed by a grey band ; tail for the most part black, the two outer 
pairs of feathers on each side grey, with a wide subterminal black band ; chin and 
throat vinous, becoming paler on the breast and abdomen; vent and short under 
tail-coverts slate colour, the longer ones black; lower aspect of the tail-feathers 
black, with pale tips; under wing-coverts and quill-lining pale chestnut ; bill 
red ; iris brown ; tarsi and feet pink. Total length 260 mm. ; culmen 26, wing 158, 
tail 86, tarsus 27. (Type of C. occidentalis North.) 
Adult female.—Distinguished from the male by the darker lilac colour of the 
head and hind-neck, mue oh smaller white shoulder patch, and brown upper tail- 
coverts. Total length 260 mm.; culmen 25, wing 156, tail 84. (Type of C. 
occidentalis North.) 
Young male.—Distinguished from the adult by having a paler fore-head, darker 
hind-neck, and the feathers of the head blackish, tipped with rufous ; only median 
wing-coverts green, primary-coverts chestnut, most of the quills tipped with the 
same colour, feathers on the sides of the neck and breast blackish, margined with 
chestnut, giving a barred appearance, which is much less pronounced on the abdomen. 
Nest.—A frail, flat structure of twigs ; placed in a low tree. 
ELggs.—Clutch, two ; smooth and slightly glossy ; of a pale cream-colour; axis 
5-26 mm., diameter 20. 
Breeding-season.—October to January. 
Distribution and forms.—Through the Moluccas and tropical Northern Australia. 
The extra-Australian forms are not well known yet well-defined subspecies are known 
in Australia; thus C. c. chrysochlora (Wagler) from New South Wales and Southern 
Queensland ; C. c. longirostris Gould from Northern Territory (so distinct that it 
has been renamed twice—by North as C. occidentalis, and by Zietz as C. c. melvillensis, 
the latter perhaps later recognisable) with a notably longer bill, with brighter 
coloration ; C. ¢. rogersi Mathews from the Cairns district, North Queensland, a paler 
form, with the under-surface paler and the nape coloration duller; and CO. c. kempi 
from Cape York, North Queensland, a much smaller form. 
