12 BIRDS OF SOUTH AFRICA. 
iris yellow. Total length 17:5 inches, culmen 1:15, wing 15-2, 
tail 8°8, tarsus 2°65. 
Adult female.—Above brown, the head and hind neck streaked 
with tawny fulvous, with which most of the feathers of the upper 
surface are margined and tipped, the small wing-coverts especially 
broadly ; frontal feathers, a superciliary line as well as a spot below 
the eye white ; cheeks and ear-coverts dark brown, very slightly 
streaked with tawny; facial ruff dark brown, plainly streaked with 
creamy buff; wings nearly uniform sepia-brown, tipped with buffy 
white, primaries externally shaded with ashy grey ; primaries plainly, 
secondaries obsoletely barred with darker brown, plainer underneath, 
where the inner webs are creamy buff; upper tail-coverts white, barred 
across or diamond-spotted with dark brown; tail pale tawny, crossed 
with four broad blackish bars, the interspaces inchning to white on 
the outer feathers, the black bars replaced by rufous on external 
rectrix, the two centre feathers ashy brown, with six blackish brown 
cross bars, the subterminal one broadest; under surface of body 
creamy white, with broad longitudinal streaks of brown on chest, 
becoming narrower and more rufous on lower breast and abdomen ; 
under tail-coverts clearly rufescent ; under wing-coverts creamy buff, 
with diamond-shaped spots and streaks of brown, the lower series 
barred across with blackish ; axillaries brown, inclining to rufous, with 
large oval spots of fulvous on both webs; cere greenish yellow; 
bill horny black, gape dull greenish; feet yellow ; iris dark hazel. 
Total length 20°5 inches, wing 14°7, tail 10°5, tarsus 2°9. 
Young.—Brown, like the old female, but not so much variegated 
above, with tawny margins to the feathers; under surface entirely 
pale fawn-colour, the facial ruff of this same colour, and therefore 
contrasting in marked prominence with the dark brown cheeks and 
ear-coverts, the flank-feathers and axillaries with indistinct brown 
central streaks; frontal feathers, superciliary streak, and spot under 
the eye whitish ; upper tail-coverts white, spotted with pale rufous ; 
tail much as in old female, but the dark bars only five in number. 
Fig. Gould, B. Eur. i. pl. 34. 
10. Circus pycaraus. Montagu’s Harrier. 
Circus cinerascens, Layard, B. 8. Afr. p. 34 (1867). 
Montagu’s Harrier is rare in South Africa. Mr. Atmore procured 
a fine adult male at Swellendam, and we shot an adult female and a 
