378 BIRDS OF SOUTH AFRICA. 
body white, rather duller and greyer on the sides of the breast ; 
under wing-coverts and axillaries white with dusky bases, the 
greater series dusky brown, forming a patch; quills brown below, 
white at the base of the inner web; “bill, brown horn-colour, livid 
at base; feet, blackish brown; iris, dark brown” (Andersson). 
Total length, 8 inches ; culmen, 0°75 ; wing, 3°65 ; tail, 4°1 ; 
tarsus, 1°05. 
Adult female.—Similar to the male, but distinguished by the 
chestnut streaks on the flanks. Total length, 8°3 inches; wing, 3°65; 
tail, 4°1; tarsus, 1:05. 
Fig. Smith, Il. Zool. 8. Afr. Aves, pl. hxviii. 
361. Enneocronus corturio, D. Red-backed Shrike. 
Le Vaillant states that this well-known European species inhabits 
the country about the Sunday and Zwartkop Rivers (Port Eliza- 
beth), Little and Great Namaqua Land and other places, but is not 
found near Cape Town. We ourselves met with it about Graham’s 
Town, the Blinkwater, Alice, Eland’s Post, and the Katberg, but we 
believe that it does not come further eastward than Port Elizabeth ; 
young birds were common in the months of March and April. 
Lieut. Trevelyan has shot it near Kingwilliamstown, and we have 
received specimens from Mr. J. J. O’Reilly at Graaff-Reinet, 
and Mr. Ortlepp has found it breeding with him at Colesberg, — 
while Mr. T. C. Atmore obtained it near Beaufort. Captain Shelley 
says that he shot it on several occasions at Durban in Natal, 
and Mr. T. E. Buckley procured the species on the Limpopo. 
Mr. Barratt shot a specimen in the Potchefstroom district, but 
Mr. T. Ayres found it scarce at the Goldfields, where it was solitary 
in its habits, sitting stationary on the top of some low bush. The 
latter gentleman has also procured it near Potchefstroom in Decem- 
ber. Dr. Kirk obtained a specimen at Shupanga, and Mr. Oates 
shot the bird at different places during his journey to the Zambesi 
from November to March. Mr. Andersson writes in December :— 
«This Shrike is pretty common in Great Namaqua and Damara Land, 
as also in the Okavango region, where it breeds. It is migratory, 
and returns to Damara Land at the approach of the rainy season. It 
watches from some elevated position for its prey, which usually 
consists of insects. Senor Anchieta has sent it from Humbe, on the 
River Cunene, where its native name is stated to be “ Kissanda- 
