GULLS AND TERNS—Family Laride 
IVORY GULL 
39. Pagophila alba. 17 in. 
Entirely pure white with the shafts of the primaries © 
yellowish; bill dark at base and yellow at tip; eyes 
brown, surrounded by a narrow red ring; feet black. 
Young birds are spotted with brown on the head, tips 
of wing and tail. This beautiful “Snow Gull,” as it is 
ealled by whalers, is abundant at its breeding ground ; 
in the Arctic regions, but is rarely seen as far south | 
as the United States. It breeds the farthest north of = 
any of the gulls except Ross Gull. 
Nest.—Of grasses and seaweed, usually on ledges of § 
cliffs, but occasionally on the ground farther inland. 
The three eggs, laid in June, are grayish-buff, marked 
with brown and black (2.30 x 1.70). 
Range.—Breeds only north of the Arctic Circle, and 
winters south to New Brunswick and British Columbia; 
casually to Long Island and the Great Lakes. 
