CANVAS-BACK 
147. Marila vallisneria. 21 in. 
Differs from the Redhead in the shape of its black 
bill, its blackish forehead, very light back and red eyes. 
The female has the back grayish-brown, finely barred 
with black. Like the last species, Canvas-backs are 
excellent swimmers and divers, and can secure their 
food from a considerable depth. In winter they are jj 
found in great abundance on the Atlantic coast from 
Maryland southward, and are one of the most persist- JJ 
ently hunted birds, for their flesh is much esteemed, 
and they have a high market value. They are seen in 
large flocks, and are difficult to approach, but are said 
to decoy as easily as any other. 
Notes.—Harsh croaks, little different from those of 
the Redhead. 
Nest—On the ground in marshes or sloughs, the 
hollow being lined with grasses and feathers from the 
breast of the female; 6 to 10 eggs (2.40x 1.70). 
Range.—Breeds in the interior from Minnesota and | 
Dakota northward; winters from Maryland and British 
Columbia southward. Rare in New England. 
