{Case 58.] 
[Case 58. } 
_ 
88 BIRD GALLERY. 
Sumatran and Lindsay’s Kingfishers (H. concretus and H. lindsayi) 
(1136, 1137), and the strikingly handsome white-and-green species 
(H. saurophagus) (1139). Other notable forms are the Hooded and 
Blue-and-White Kingfishers (Monachaleyon monachus and M., fulgidus) 
(1139 a, 1140), the Sanghir Kingfisher (Citéura sanghirensis) (1141), 
the Huahine Kingfisher (Todirhamphus tutus) (1142), and the graccful 
Racquet-tailed species (Tanysiptera) (1143-1145), ranging from the 
Moluccas and the Papuan Islands to N.E. Australia. On the ground 
floor will be found the extraordinary Shoe-billed Kingfisher (Clytoceyx 
rex) (1146) from New Guinea, in which the sexes are somewhat 
differently coloured; the Hook-billed Melidora macrorhina (1141), and 
the “ Laughing Jackasses”’ of Australia (Dacelo) (1148-1150). These 
latter derive their trivial name from their extraordinary laughing 
note, familiar to all who visit our Zoological Gardens, and, unlike 
most of the Kingfishers, they thrive well in captivity. 
Family IV. Lerrosomatio®. Krirompos or Mapacascar Roiers. 
The Kirombo or Vorondreo (Leptosoma discolor) (1151) inhabits the 
islands of Madagascar, Mayotte, and Anjouan, while a somewhat 
smaller form occurs in Great Comoro Island. These are the only 
representatives of this rather remarkable family, characterised by having 
the base of the bill hidden by recurved plumes, the nostrils linear and 
placed far forward in the middle of the upper mandible, and the fourth 
toe partly reversible. As will be seen in the Case, the male and female 
are quite different in plumage. Like the true Rollers, these birds have a 
habit of playing in the air, ascending to a great height, and then rapidly 
descending in a curve with nearly closed wings; they also nest in holes 
and lay white eggs. 
Family V. Coractip. Ro.vers. 
These brilliantly coloured birds, distributed over the greater part 
of the Old World, may be divided into two subfamilies. The first, 
Brachypteraciine, includes some curious ground forms peculiar to 
Madagascar, and represented by Atelornis pittoides (1152), Uratelornis 
chimera (1158), and Geobiastes squamigera (1164). They are forest- 
dwelling species, and almost entirely terrestrial and crepuscular in their 
habits, seeking their insect-food on the ground at dusk. 
To the second subfamily, Coraciine, belong the true Rollers, of 
which the common species (Coracias garrulus) (1155) is a well-known 
European bird, which occasionally visits Great Britain during the 
spring and autumn migrations. Another very handsome example, 
from Southern Abyssinia and Somali-land, is Lort Phillips’ Roller 
