PLE KY TO THE LAND BIRDS: WZ 
their nests in tree-trunks, excavating holes for them 
in a similar way. 
30. YELLOW-HAMMER, FLICKER, 
GOLDEN-WINGED WOODPECKER. Colaptus 
auratus. — Length, 12 inches. Head ash gray with a 
red spot where the neck begins; back brown with 
black bars; tail black; underparts white with round 
black dots, and a black patch on the breast; wings 
and tail golden yellow underneath; in the males a 
black stripe from the corner of the mouth to the 
neck, wanting in the female. This is the commonest 
woodpecker east of the Rocky Mountains. In his 
habits he differs from the other woodpeckers, which 
are mostly solitary wood birds, by being very sociable, 
feeding often on the ground. He seems rather more 
at home near habitations than in the deep woods, 
being fond of orchards and gardens. Beside feeding 
on insects he eats berries, in company with robins and 
other birds. Like the other woodpeckers, he is always 
busy, but seems to enjoy life more than his brethren. 
ae LOGO OC Ki. (Pai h Avie Dp W.O OD 
PECKER.  Ceophloeus pileatus. — Length, 17 inches. 
A large red crest on the top of the head; throat and 
sides white; at the corner of the mouth a red stripe, 
wanting in the female; the rest of the body black. 
Formerly common in large wooded districts, now 
becoming extinct in the Eastern part of the country. 
32. HAIRY WOODPECKER® Dryobates vil- 
losus. — Length, 94 inches. Black and white; at the 
back of the head a red spot, wanting in the female. 
32a. DOWNY WOODPECKER. Dryobates 
pubescens. — Length, 62 inches. In color and mark- 
ings like the Hairy Woodpecker, except the outer tail- 
feathers, which are white on the Hairy Woodpecker, 
and white with blackish bars on the Downy Wood- 
pecker. Its coat is soft and silky. Both these birds 
stay summer and winter, and rarely leave the woods. 
33. YELLOW-BELLIED WOODPECKER. 
