22 



YELLOW-KrMPET) WAEBLER. 



when they are usually found in woodlands. In autumn, from 

 the last week in September until the last of October, at 

 w^hich time they are more uniformly distributed, often being 

 found in orchards. Very abundant. 



3Iale. Bluish ash above streaked with black. Crown and cheek,s 

 black, with a central patch of clear yellow on crown. Patch on rump yel- 

 low. W'i.igs and tail dark brown, with the feathers of both edged with 

 ashy. Wing bands white, and three, or sometimes four, outer tail feathers 

 are spotted with white on inner webs, the spots diminishing in size from 

 the outer to the inner. ( For form of the spot on outer feathers, see fig. 

 25, 1) ) Throat and remaining under parts white, broadly streaked across 

 breast and along sides with black. 



■ Fig. 25. 



B A 



Yellow-rumped Warbler. A, head ; B, outer tail feather of male. 



Female. Similar, but with all the markings less conspicuous, and 

 there is a brownish overwashing on the back. 



Autumnal males resemble the spring females in having the back over- 

 washed with brownish, but ths markings, esp3cially the yellow, are more 

 conspicuous. Females in autumn are browner and duller than in spring. 



YouxG of Doth sexes are very dull : this is noticably so in the female- 

 in which the brown above usually conceals all markings, while there is a 

 butf tinging below, with nearly obsolete streaks of dusky only. 



Nestlings of both sexes with the body above and below reddish, 

 streaked Avith black, but the wings and tail are like the young in autumn. 

 Usually there is no yellow whatever in this stage, but occasionally the rump 

 ])atch appears. 



Dimensions, Length, 5.50 : stretch, 8.70: wing, 3.00; tail, 2.75: 

 bill, .40 ; tarsus, .70. 



Comparisons. Known at once, excepting in the nestling plumage, by 

 the yellow rump, white throat, and dark colors. The nearest allied species 

 is Audubon's Warbler, but this has the throat yellow, not white, less black 

 on head and more white on win<r. 



