12 



sides. The tail was thus very unlike the tail of a modern bird, in 

 which the feathers are seated in a single transverse row, on the 

 last joint of the series of seven or eight very short vertebrae, which 

 barely project beyond the body. The skeleton of the Archaeop- 

 teryx presents many reptilian features, which it is unnecessary to 

 detail in the present connection. The restoration shown in Fig. 3 

 gives a hypothetical representation of the appearance of this 

 "early bird."* It is probable, however, that the head and neck 

 were not so bare of feathers as here represented. 



Fig. 2. The second discovered specimen of the Archaeopteryx. 



Odontotor/Jiie. — ^ The second Subclass, Odo)itotoriiuv. (toothed 

 birds with the teeth in sockets), consists of several genera, repre- 

 sented by parts of the skeletons of some eighty individuals, dis- 

 covered by Prof. O. C. Marsh, of New Haven, in the Middle 

 Cretaceous of Kansas and Colorado, during the years 1871-72, 

 and later. Like the Archsopteryx, they were toothed birds, with 

 biconcave vertebrse, and other reptilian features, but with well- 



* This cut is after a design by Dr. R. W. Shufeldt, published in the "Century " Magazine 

 for January, 1886, in an article entitled " Feathered Forms of other Days." 



