40 GULLS. 



fig. 45 ; wings, usually folding at the tip of tail or beyond it; 

 tail, short, usually square, Fig. 45. 



figs 46 to 49 ; feet, rather ^^^.^ 



large and fitted for walk- 

 ing ; toes, fully webbed, fig. 

 38. Birds of the ocean, 

 coasts, and large bodies of 

 fresh water. Nests, placed 

 on rocks, on the ground or F*, B. b, 1. 



sometimes in trees, composed of sticks, weeds, etc. ; eggs 2 

 to 4, similar to A, but somewhat lighter in color. Procure 

 their food which consists chiefly of fishes, other sea animals 

 and floating garbage, usually by swooping downward from 

 a moderate height, but sometimes, especially when securing 

 living fish, they will make an attempt at diving, but even 

 then they invariably strike the water at an acute angle and 

 never drop directly downward ; a few species feed upon lo- 

 custs and other insects. 



a. Ice Gulls. Gavia. 



Size, medium; wholly white; tail square; hind toe, well 

 developed but small. 



1. IVORY GULL, G. alba. Pure white ; shafts of pri- 

 Fig. 46. maries, yellowish; feet, 



black, fig. 46. Young, with 

 feathers of primaries, wing 

 coverts and tail tipped with 

 a spot of dusky. Breeds in 

 the Arctic Regions where it 

 is not uncommon ; migrat- 

 ing south in winter along 

 the coast of N. A. to Lab_ 

 rador and Newfoundland, 

 F, B, a, 1. 1-10. casually to New Brunswick 



and Mass. 



