﻿20 
  REPORT 
  OF 
  NEW 
  JERSEY 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM. 
  

  

  scale 
  insects. 
  These 
  creatures 
  are 
  able 
  to 
  puncture 
  tissue 
  and 
  to 
  

   suck 
  the 
  juices 
  of 
  animals 
  or 
  plants 
  as 
  the 
  case 
  may 
  be. 
  

  

  The 
  Parasitica 
  contains 
  those 
  forms 
  without 
  wings, 
  adapted 
  to 
  

   live 
  among 
  the 
  hair, 
  on 
  the 
  blood 
  of 
  certain 
  vertebrates, 
  and 
  here 
  

   the 
  lancets 
  are 
  retractile 
  into 
  the 
  head, 
  the 
  beak 
  being 
  lost 
  or 
  

   modified 
  into 
  a 
  short 
  snout 
  with 
  or 
  without 
  anchor 
  hooks 
  or 
  

   processes. 
  

  

  The 
  order 
  Houwptcra, 
  or 
  Hemiptcra-Homoptcra, 
  contains 
  the 
  

   plant 
  lice, 
  scale 
  insects, 
  leaf-hoppers, 
  mealy 
  bugs, 
  etc., 
  hence 
  is, 
  

   in 
  its 
  entirety, 
  injurious 
  to- 
  the 
  agriculturist. 
  The 
  head 
  is 
  here 
  

   closely 
  applied 
  to 
  the 
  thorax, 
  the 
  beak 
  is 
  directed 
  backward 
  and 
  

   issues 
  underneath 
  the 
  head 
  so 
  far 
  that, 
  in 
  many 
  cases, 
  it 
  seems 
  

   tO' 
  come 
  out 
  between 
  the 
  front 
  legs. 
  In 
  the 
  scale 
  insects 
  the 
  beak 
  

   is 
  lost 
  in 
  the 
  female, 
  and 
  in 
  the 
  males 
  the 
  mouth 
  structures 
  are 
  

   partially 
  or 
  altogether 
  lost. 
  When 
  wings 
  are 
  present 
  they 
  are 
  

   uniform 
  in 
  texture 
  throughout, 
  but 
  there 
  is 
  often 
  a 
  difference 
  in 
  

   the 
  texture 
  of 
  the 
  two 
  pairs. 
  

  

  The 
  order 
  Heteroptera 
  or 
  Heuiiptcra-Hcteroptera 
  marks 
  the 
  

   extreme 
  of 
  the 
  development 
  in 
  the 
  Rhyngota, 
  and 
  here 
  the 
  mouth 
  

   structures 
  are 
  more 
  free, 
  the 
  beak 
  often 
  from 
  the 
  front 
  of 
  the 
  

   'head 
  so 
  that 
  it 
  may 
  be 
  directed 
  straight 
  forward, 
  the 
  forewings 
  

   thickened 
  and 
  leathery 
  or 
  chitinous 
  at 
  base, 
  thin 
  and 
  mem- 
  

   braneous 
  at 
  tip, 
  usually 
  divided 
  into 
  well-marked 
  regions. 
  None 
  

   of 
  the 
  Rhyngota 
  have 
  a 
  completed 
  metamorphosis 
  and 
  altogether 
  

   this 
  branch, 
  with 
  sucking 
  mouth 
  parts 
  in 
  all 
  stages, 
  remained 
  a 
  

   limited 
  and 
  inferior 
  one. 
  

  

  The 
  branch 
  in 
  wihich 
  mandibles 
  were 
  developed 
  found 
  a 
  much 
  

   greater 
  range 
  of 
  food-getting 
  possibilities 
  and 
  split 
  up 
  into 
  a 
  

   much 
  greater 
  number 
  of 
  divisions. 
  

  

  With 
  the 
  development 
  of 
  wings, 
  the 
  thoracic 
  segments 
  which 
  

   bear 
  the 
  organs 
  of 
  locomotion 
  became 
  modified. 
  At 
  first 
  the 
  

   three 
  segments 
  were 
  similar 
  to^ 
  each 
  other, 
  and 
  one 
  series 
  retained 
  

   this 
  peculiarity, 
  all 
  the 
  rings 
  being 
  of 
  practically 
  equal 
  import- 
  

   ance. 
  All 
  these 
  are 
  loose-jointed 
  frail 
  forms 
  with 
  large, 
  trans- 
  

   parent 
  wings. 
  A 
  departure 
  was 
  made 
  when 
  the 
  second 
  and 
  

   third 
  segments, 
  which 
  bear 
  the 
  wings, 
  became 
  united 
  for 
  more 
  

   compact 
  muscular 
  attachments, 
  and 
  the 
  first 
  segment 
  or 
  prothorax 
  

  

  