﻿THE 
  INSECTS 
  OiF 
  NEW 
  JERSEY. 
  21 
  

  

  was 
  left 
  free. 
  The 
  highest 
  speciahzation 
  was 
  reached 
  when 
  all 
  

   three 
  of 
  the 
  thoracic 
  segments 
  united 
  to 
  form 
  a 
  compact 
  body 
  

   supporting 
  all 
  the 
  organs 
  of 
  locomotion. 
  These 
  modifications, 
  

   once 
  started, 
  tended 
  to 
  become 
  intensified, 
  and 
  there 
  is 
  little 
  

   difficulty 
  now 
  in 
  recognizing- 
  the 
  orders 
  belonging 
  to 
  each 
  series. 
  

  

  Perhaps 
  the 
  simplest 
  type 
  in 
  general 
  structure 
  are 
  tlie 
  Isop- 
  

   tcra, 
  including- 
  what 
  are 
  generally 
  known 
  as 
  Termites 
  or 
  white 
  

   ants. 
  They 
  are 
  soft-bodied, 
  loose-jointed, 
  all 
  the 
  thoracic 
  rings 
  

   well 
  developed 
  and 
  altogether 
  primitive 
  in 
  appearance. 
  The 
  

   wings 
  are 
  large 
  and 
  frail, 
  net-veined, 
  not 
  united 
  in 
  flight 
  and 
  not 
  

   folded 
  when 
  at 
  rest. 
  Yet, 
  while 
  these 
  insects 
  retain 
  their 
  primi- 
  

   tive 
  structure, 
  they 
  have 
  become 
  very 
  highly 
  specialized 
  socially, 
  

   living 
  in 
  immense 
  communities 
  with 
  specialized 
  worker, 
  soldier 
  

   and 
  other 
  castes. 
  The 
  workers 
  are 
  blind, 
  never 
  become 
  winged, 
  

   and 
  even 
  the 
  sexually-mature 
  winged 
  forms 
  have 
  no 
  resting 
  

   stage; 
  the 
  metamorphosis 
  is 
  incomplete. 
  

  

  The 
  Mallophaga 
  are 
  the 
  biting 
  lice, 
  and 
  have 
  the 
  same 
  general 
  

   form 
  as 
  the 
  Termite 
  workers 
  except 
  that 
  they 
  are 
  more 
  flattened 
  

   and 
  are 
  adapted 
  to 
  their 
  parasitic 
  mode 
  of 
  life. 
  Wings 
  are 
  never 
  

   developed, 
  the 
  metamiorphosis 
  is 
  incomplete, 
  and 
  the 
  insects 
  most 
  

   commonly 
  infest 
  birds. 
  

  

  The 
  Corrodentia 
  mark 
  yet 
  another 
  step 
  in 
  advance, 
  but 
  are 
  

   still 
  soft-bodied 
  and' 
  loose-jointed. 
  The 
  book-lice 
  found 
  in 
  

   houses 
  are 
  a 
  common 
  type, 
  and 
  resemble 
  the 
  biting 
  lice 
  in 
  form; 
  

   but 
  they 
  are 
  very 
  active 
  and 
  run 
  rapidly. 
  Some 
  forms 
  develop 
  

   wings, 
  which 
  are 
  peculiarly 
  veined 
  and 
  not 
  folded 
  when 
  at 
  rest. 
  

  

  The 
  Neuroptera, 
  including 
  Aphis 
  lions 
  and 
  Ant-lions, 
  are 
  yet 
  

   further 
  specialized. 
  The 
  larvae 
  retain 
  the 
  Termite 
  worker 
  type, 
  

   but 
  are 
  more 
  oval 
  and 
  the 
  jaws 
  are 
  much 
  larger 
  and 
  character- 
  

   istically 
  developed 
  for 
  a 
  predatory 
  mode 
  of 
  life. 
  The 
  larvfe, 
  

   when 
  full 
  grown, 
  form 
  true 
  pupae, 
  which 
  remain 
  quiescent 
  until 
  

   the 
  adult 
  emerges, 
  and 
  the 
  metamorphosis 
  is 
  thus 
  complete. 
  The 
  

   adults 
  have, 
  generally, 
  long, 
  slender 
  bodies, 
  with 
  large 
  wings, 
  

   which 
  are 
  laid 
  flat 
  when 
  at 
  rest 
  and 
  not 
  folded. 
  This 
  is 
  by 
  far 
  

   is 
  very 
  compact, 
  the 
  constriction 
  between 
  head 
  and 
  thorax 
  is 
  very 
  

   is 
  very 
  compact 
  ; 
  the 
  constriction 
  between 
  head 
  and 
  thorax 
  is 
  very 
  

   well 
  defined, 
  and, 
  altogether, 
  the 
  resemblance 
  to 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  

   types 
  of 
  the 
  third 
  series 
  is 
  strongly 
  marked. 
  

  

  