﻿Order 
  HOMOPTERA. 
  

  

  This 
  ordinal 
  term 
  is 
  employed 
  for 
  those 
  Rhyngota 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  two 
  

   pairs 
  of 
  wings 
  are 
  either 
  similar 
  in 
  texture, 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  plant-lice 
  or 
  

   "Cicada," 
  or 
  the 
  primaries 
  are 
  of 
  the 
  same 
  texture 
  throughout, 
  though 
  

   this 
  may 
  be 
  different 
  from 
  that 
  of 
  the 
  secondaries, 
  as 
  in 
  the 
  leaf-hoppers. 
  

   The 
  mouth 
  parts 
  are 
  composed 
  of 
  four 
  lancets, 
  of 
  which 
  two 
  are 
  usually- 
  

   grown 
  together 
  concealed 
  in 
  a 
  jointed 
  beak, 
  except 
  in 
  the 
  Coccidse 
  or 
  

   scale 
  insects, 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  mouth 
  parts 
  are 
  quite 
  generally 
  aborted 
  in 
  the 
  

   males 
  and 
  reduced 
  to 
  thread-like 
  lancets 
  in 
  the 
  females. 
  Usually 
  the 
  

   base 
  of 
  the 
  beak 
  is 
  on 
  the 
  imder 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  head, 
  and 
  its 
  point 
  is 
  directed 
  

   backward 
  so 
  that 
  it 
  rests 
  between 
  the 
  haunches 
  of 
  the 
  fore-legs. 
  

  

  All 
  the 
  species 
  are 
  plant 
  feeders, 
  

   piercing 
  the 
  tissue 
  by 
  means 
  of 
  the 
  

   lancets 
  and 
  exhausting 
  the 
  cells 
  be- 
  

   neath. 
  They 
  are, 
  therefore, 
  of 
  eco- 
  

   nomic 
  importance, 
  and, 
  as 
  a 
  matter 
  

   of 
  fact, 
  some 
  of 
  our 
  most 
  destructive 
  

   species 
  belong 
  to 
  this 
  order. 
  

  

  In 
  a 
  general 
  way 
  the 
  transforma- 
  

   tions 
  are 
  incomplete; 
  but 
  the 
  life 
  his- 
  

   tories 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  are 
  often 
  involved 
  

   and 
  sometimes 
  curiously 
  unique. 
  No 
  

   general 
  recommendations 
  for 
  treat- 
  

   ment 
  can 
  be 
  given, 
  except 
  that 
  only 
  

   contact 
  poisons 
  are 
  of 
  any 
  avail 
  and 
  

   stomach 
  poisons 
  are 
  never 
  indicated. 
  

  

  Since 
  the 
  previous 
  list- 
  was 
  pub- 
  

   lished 
  this 
  order 
  has 
  received 
  much 
  

   attention 
  from 
  collectors 
  and 
  students, 
  

   and 
  the 
  number 
  of 
  species 
  here 
  listed 
  

   has 
  been 
  greatly 
  increased. 
  Most 
  of 
  

   the 
  species 
  previously 
  included 
  as 
  

   probable 
  inhabitants 
  have 
  been 
  defi- 
  

   nitely 
  authenticated 
  and 
  a 
  few 
  have 
  

   been 
  dropped 
  for 
  one 
  reason 
  or 
  an- 
  

   other. 
  

  

  By 
  the 
  courtesy 
  of 
  Mr. 
  B. 
  P. 
  Van 
  Duzee, 
  of 
  Buffalo, 
  N. 
  Y., 
  the 
  collec- 
  

   tions 
  of 
  certain 
  of 
  the 
  groups 
  made 
  in 
  New 
  Jersey 
  have 
  been 
  determined, 
  

   and 
  he 
  has 
  also 
  been 
  good 
  enough 
  to 
  look 
  over 
  the 
  manuscript 
  in 
  these 
  

   groups 
  and 
  to 
  give 
  me 
  suggestions 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  order 
  of 
  species 
  and 
  genera. 
  

   A 
  very 
  few 
  species 
  remain 
  that 
  have 
  not 
  been 
  actually 
  taken 
  in 
  the 
  

   State, 
  but 
  these 
  are 
  almost 
  certain 
  to 
  occur, 
  and 
  besides 
  these 
  there 
  are 
  

   undoubtedly 
  many 
  new 
  species 
  yet 
  to 
  be 
  discovered 
  and 
  determined 
  by 
  

   thorough 
  collecting 
  and 
  study. 
  

  

  All 
  of 
  the 
  gentlemen 
  who 
  assisted 
  me 
  ten 
  years 
  ago 
  have 
  continued 
  

   their 
  aid 
  in 
  one 
  way 
  or 
  another. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  32.— 
  Mouth 
  structure 
  of 
  a 
  

   louse: 
  a, 
  beak; 
  b, 
  the 
  lancets; 
  

   tarsus; 
  greatly 
  enlarged. 
  

  

  plant- 
  

  

  (87) 
  

  

  