﻿THE 
  INSECTS 
  OF 
  NEW 
  JERSEY. 
  

  

  121 
  

  

  notably 
  the 
  "cottony 
  maple 
  scale," 
  the 
  "tulip 
  soft 
  scale" 
  and 
  the 
  "terra- 
  

   pin 
  scale" 
  of 
  peach. 
  

  

  The 
  armored 
  scales 
  are 
  usually 
  small 
  in 
  size, 
  and 
  the 
  scale, 
  although 
  

   excreted 
  by 
  the 
  insect, 
  forms 
  no 
  part 
  of 
  it, 
  and 
  may 
  be 
  removed 
  without 
  

   necessarily 
  injuring 
  the 
  creature 
  covered 
  by 
  it. 
  In 
  this 
  series 
  are 
  our 
  

   most 
  destructive 
  species 
  and 
  those 
  most 
  difficult 
  to 
  deal 
  with. 
  Some 
  of 
  

   these 
  scales 
  are 
  oviparous, 
  laying 
  eggs 
  which 
  winter 
  under 
  the 
  protection 
  

   of 
  the 
  scale; 
  others 
  are 
  viviparous, 
  wintering 
  in 
  the 
  partly 
  grown 
  condi^ 
  

   tion. 
  The 
  "San 
  Jose 
  Scale" 
  is 
  an 
  example 
  of 
  a 
  viviparous 
  form, 
  and 
  this 
  

   may 
  be 
  reached 
  in 
  winter 
  when 
  the 
  plants 
  are 
  dormant 
  by 
  caustics, 
  like 
  

   the 
  lime 
  and 
  sulphur 
  washes, 
  or 
  by 
  penetrants, 
  like 
  the 
  oil 
  emulsions 
  or 
  

   soluble 
  oils. 
  The 
  oviparous 
  forms, 
  like 
  the 
  "oyster 
  shell 
  scale" 
  and 
  "scurfy 
  

   scale," 
  cannot 
  be 
  satisfactorily 
  reached 
  in 
  winter, 
  but 
  must 
  be 
  dealt 
  with 
  

   when 
  the 
  young 
  larvae 
  are 
  moving 
  in 
  spring. 
  At 
  that 
  time 
  soap 
  mixtures 
  

  

  Fig. 
  49. 
  — 
  Development 
  of 
  an 
  armored 
  scale: 
  a, 
  active 
  larva 
  with 
  lancets 
  

  

  extended; 
  b, 
  somewhat 
  contracted, 
  with 
  waxy 
  filaments 
  ready 
  to 
  

  

  run 
  together; 
  d, 
  first 
  scale 
  just 
  formed, 
  from 
  above 
  

  

  and 
  side; 
  all 
  much 
  enlarged. 
  

  

  or 
  oil 
  emulsions 
  of 
  moderate 
  strength 
  thoroughly 
  applied 
  produce 
  good 
  

   results. 
  It 
  is 
  practically 
  impossible 
  to 
  go 
  into 
  details 
  of 
  treatment 
  here, 
  

   because 
  each 
  species 
  must 
  be 
  dealt 
  with 
  according 
  to 
  its 
  own 
  peculiarities. 
  

   The 
  scale 
  fauna 
  of 
  the 
  State 
  is 
  not 
  well 
  known. 
  No 
  collectors 
  have 
  

   devoted 
  themselves 
  specifically 
  to 
  this 
  family, 
  and 
  the 
  records 
  of 
  the 
  

   office 
  deal 
  mostly 
  with 
  the 
  common 
  orchard 
  species. 
  In 
  compiling 
  this 
  

  

  