﻿Order 
  ORTHOPTERA. 
  

  

  Contains 
  the 
  grasshoppers, 
  katydids, 
  roaches 
  and 
  crickets, 
  by 
  far 
  the 
  

   greater 
  portion 
  of 
  which 
  are 
  feeders 
  upon 
  vegetation, 
  and 
  therefore 
  ac- 
  

   tually 
  or 
  potentially 
  injurious. 
  Most 
  of 
  them 
  feed 
  openly 
  upon 
  the 
  plant 
  

   tissue 
  and 
  are 
  therefore 
  within 
  reach 
  of 
  the 
  stomach 
  poisons. 
  

  

  In 
  the 
  species 
  of 
  this 
  order 
  the 
  fore-wings 
  are 
  narrower 
  and 
  of 
  firmer 
  

   texture 
  than 
  the 
  secondaries 
  and 
  serve 
  as 
  covers 
  merely, 
  not 
  as 
  organs 
  

   of 
  flight. 
  The 
  secondaries 
  are 
  folded 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  fanlike 
  and 
  are 
  usually 
  

   hidden 
  by 
  the 
  primaries 
  when 
  at 
  rest; 
  the 
  shape 
  is 
  in 
  general 
  triangular 
  

   and 
  the 
  texture 
  thin 
  and 
  membraneous 
  with 
  numerous 
  longitudinal 
  veins, 
  

   between 
  which 
  the 
  tissue 
  is 
  reticulated. 
  The 
  metamorphosis 
  is 
  incom- 
  

   plete, 
  and 
  in 
  some 
  cases 
  where 
  the 
  wings 
  are 
  wanting 
  there 
  is 
  little 
  dif- 
  

   ference 
  in 
  appearance 
  between 
  nymph 
  and 
  adult. 
  

  

  The 
  list 
  as 
  it 
  stands 
  here 
  has 
  been 
  revised 
  by 
  Mr. 
  J. 
  A. 
  G. 
  Rehn. 
  of 
  

   Philadelphia, 
  who 
  has 
  collected 
  extensively 
  in 
  New 
  Jersey 
  and 
  is 
  also 
  a 
  

   recognized 
  authority 
  in 
  the 
  order. 
  In 
  the 
  list 
  of 
  1900, 
  while 
  the 
  collec- 
  

   tions 
  were 
  very 
  good, 
  it 
  was, 
  nevertheless, 
  deemed 
  expedient 
  to 
  include 
  

   a 
  number 
  of 
  species 
  that 
  seemed 
  likely 
  to 
  occur 
  though 
  they 
  had 
  not 
  been 
  

   actually 
  recorded. 
  Sioce 
  that 
  time 
  the 
  collections 
  made 
  by 
  Mr. 
  Rehn 
  and 
  

   other 
  Philadelphia 
  collectors, 
  by 
  Mr. 
  Davis 
  on 
  Staten 
  Island 
  and 
  in 
  

   eastern 
  New 
  Jersey 
  generally, 
  and 
  by 
  the 
  office 
  force 
  in 
  the 
  State, 
  have 
  

   been 
  so 
  extensive 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  deemed 
  proper 
  to 
  exclude 
  nearly 
  all 
  species 
  

   not 
  actually 
  taken. 
  All 
  the 
  doubtful 
  species 
  have 
  been 
  verified 
  and 
  most 
  

   of 
  the 
  college 
  material 
  has 
  been 
  in 
  the 
  hands 
  of 
  specialists 
  in 
  the 
  various 
  

   groups 
  for 
  study 
  and 
  determination. 
  

  

  Family 
  BLATTID.E. 
  

  

  Better 
  known 
  as 
  "roaches." 
  They 
  are 
  more 
  or 
  less 
  flattened, 
  soft 
  in 
  

   texture, 
  with 
  long, 
  slender 
  antennae 
  or 
  feelers 
  and 
  long, 
  stout, 
  spiny 
  legs 
  

   fitted 
  for 
  rapid 
  running. 
  They 
  live 
  in 
  crevices, 
  under 
  bark 
  or 
  stones 
  in 
  

   the 
  woods, 
  or 
  in 
  cracks 
  between 
  boards 
  and 
  other 
  hiding 
  places 
  in 
  houses. 
  

   Their 
  favorite 
  haunt 
  in 
  dwellings 
  is 
  about 
  sinks 
  or 
  water 
  pipes, 
  whence 
  

   a 
  small 
  brown, 
  fully-winged 
  form 
  received 
  in 
  New 
  York 
  the 
  name 
  "Croton 
  

   bug." 
  A 
  much 
  larger 
  species, 
  in 
  which 
  the 
  male 
  has 
  short 
  wings 
  and 
  

   the 
  female 
  none 
  at 
  all, 
  is 
  known 
  as 
  the 
  "black 
  beetle." 
  Both 
  of 
  these 
  

   household 
  pests 
  are 
  importations 
  and 
  have 
  been 
  spread 
  by 
  commerce 
  

   over 
  most 
  of 
  the 
  civilized 
  world. 
  

  

  In 
  this 
  family 
  the 
  eggs 
  of 
  the 
  female 
  are 
  developed 
  in 
  an 
  egg-case 
  or 
  

   ootheca 
  which 
  the 
  mother 
  carries 
  about 
  with 
  her 
  attached 
  to 
  the 
  end 
  of 
  

   the 
  abdomen 
  until 
  all 
  the 
  eggs 
  are 
  fully 
  developed. 
  She 
  then 
  drops 
  it 
  in 
  

   some 
  sheltered 
  place, 
  and, 
  in 
  due 
  time, 
  the 
  case 
  splits 
  along 
  one 
  side 
  and 
  

   gives 
  exit 
  to 
  the 
  young, 
  which 
  resemble 
  the 
  adults 
  throughout 
  their 
  life 
  

   as 
  nymphs. 
  

  

  None 
  of 
  the 
  species 
  are 
  agriculturally 
  important. 
  In 
  houses 
  the 
  do- 
  

   mestic 
  species 
  are 
  often 
  extremely 
  annoying 
  and 
  may 
  be 
  destroyed 
  with 
  

  

  