﻿Order 
  SIPHONAPTERA. 
  

  

  Contains 
  the 
  fleas 
  which 
  are 
  considered 
  as 
  flies, 
  modified 
  to 
  suit 
  a 
  

   parasitic 
  mode 
  of 
  life. 
  They 
  are 
  usually 
  brown 
  in 
  color, 
  transversely 
  

   flattened, 
  the 
  edges 
  of 
  the 
  segments 
  set 
  with 
  stiff 
  spines 
  directed 
  back- 
  

   ward, 
  and 
  the 
  hind 
  legs 
  enormously 
  developed 
  for 
  leaping. 
  They 
  drop 
  

   their 
  eggs 
  in 
  the 
  sleeping 
  quarters 
  of 
  their 
  host, 
  and 
  from 
  these 
  come- 
  

   slender, 
  white, 
  worm-like 
  larvae. 
  These 
  feed 
  on 
  refuse 
  animal 
  or 
  vege- 
  

   table 
  debris 
  and 
  the 
  pupae 
  hide 
  in 
  crevices, 
  or 
  in 
  houses 
  between 
  the- 
  

   boards 
  of 
  floors. 
  

  

  Fig. 
  29J. 
  — 
  The 
  dog 
  flea, 
  Ctcnoccplialus 
  canis: 
  a, 
  egg; 
  b, 
  larva 
  in 
  cocoon; 
  c. 
  pupa; 
  

   d, 
  adult; 
  e, 
  f, 
  g, 
  details 
  of 
  mouth 
  and 
  antennal 
  structure; 
  all 
  enlarged. 
  

  

  Sometimes 
  a 
  house 
  becomes 
  overrun 
  with 
  fleas, 
  and 
  in 
  such 
  cases 
  the 
  

   sleeping 
  place 
  of 
  the 
  dog 
  or 
  cat 
  must 
  first 
  be 
  thoroughly 
  cleaned, 
  so 
  as 
  

   to 
  destroy 
  the 
  source 
  of 
  the 
  trouble. 
  All 
  the 
  adult 
  fleas 
  will 
  get 
  upon 
  the 
  

   dog 
  or 
  cat 
  at 
  the 
  first 
  opportunity, 
  and 
  these 
  pets, 
  therefore, 
  can 
  be 
  used 
  

   as 
  traps, 
  then 
  washed 
  with 
  carbolic 
  soap 
  at 
  short 
  intervals 
  until 
  all 
  the 
  

   fleas 
  have 
  been 
  captured 
  and 
  destroyed. 
  A 
  free 
  use 
  of 
  gasoline 
  in 
  the 
  

   crevices 
  of 
  the 
  floor 
  will 
  kill 
  all 
  larvae 
  and 
  pupae 
  that 
  may 
  be 
  there, 
  and 
  

   will 
  at 
  once 
  check 
  breeding. 
  

  

  No 
  systematic 
  collections 
  have 
  been 
  made 
  in 
  New 
  Jersey. 
  I 
  have 
  taken 
  

   fleas 
  from 
  moles, 
  rabbits, 
  muskrats, 
  and 
  have 
  seen 
  them 
  in 
  quantities 
  in 
  

   nests 
  of 
  field 
  mice. 
  They 
  also 
  occur 
  on 
  rats 
  and 
  on 
  almost 
  every 
  other 
  

   hairy 
  animal 
  in 
  the 
  State, 
  but 
  no 
  effort 
  has 
  yet 
  been 
  made 
  to 
  determine 
  

   the 
  species. 
  

  

  Those 
  listed 
  here 
  occur 
  practically 
  everywhere. 
  The 
  names 
  are 
  from 
  

   the 
  list 
  published 
  by 
  C. 
  F. 
  Baker 
  in 
  1904, 
  and 
  it 
  is 
  remarkable 
  that 
  at 
  that 
  

  

  (701) 
  

  

  