38 lapland longspur. 



Genus. LONGSPURS. Calcakius. 



Bill, slender, longer than high at base. Upper mandible 

 slightly curved. Wings long and pointed, but not reaching 

 beyond the middle of the tail when folded. Tail, rather deep- 

 ly, forked. Hind toe nail longer than its toe. Colors, black, 

 brown, white and buff. We have one species as a common mi- 

 grant and one straggler. ( See Appendix ) . 



Lapland Longspur. 



Calcarius lapponicus. 

 Plate X, Fig. 1. 



Rather slender birds with quite long pointed wings, black 

 throats and breasts , with prominent white spots on the two 

 outer tail feathers. Above, dark brown, with the feathers 

 edged with buffy and chestnut. There is a distinct chestnut 

 collar on the back of neck. Beneath, buffy white, with throat 

 back and spots on sides black ( in winter this is somewhat ob- 

 scured with whitish ) . Sides tinged with reddish. Bill, 

 deep red ; feet black. The female is duller, and often lacks en- 

 tirely the black throat and breast, this being replaced by buffy, 

 and the chestnut collar is also replaced by buffy. 



Dimensions. Length, 6.10 ; stretch, 10.55 ; wing, 3.35 ; 

 tail, 2.50 ; bill, .45 ; tarsus, .85. 



Comparisons. We have no other member of the family 

 which combines the black throat and breast with the white 

 markings on the tail, as seen in the adult male of this species. 

 Females may be recognized by the long, pointed wings and 

 white on the tail. 



