4O DICTIONARY OF BIRDS 
lished at Florence between 1886 and 1891, in which the subject is treated 
in the greatest detail, owing to the multitude of observers by whom the 
author was assisted, with the result that Ornithology stands in Italy on a 
footing different from that which it occupies in any other nation. But it 
is pleasing to observe that this official recognition has not checked inde- 
pendent work, and the number of local Italian faunas is far too great 
to be here particularized.!. Coming to the Iberian peninsula, we must in 
default of separate works depart from our rule of not mentioning contribu- 
tions to journals, for of the former there are only Col. Irby’s Ornithology 
of the Straits of Gibraltar (8vo, 1875 ; ed. 2, 1895)? and Mr. A. C. Smith’s 
Spring Tour in Portugal® to be named, and these but partially cover the 
ground. However, Dr. A. E. Brehm has published a list of Spanish Birds 
(Allgem. deutsche Naturhist. Zeitung, iii. p. 431), and The Ibis contains 
several excellent papers by Lord Lilford and by Mr. Saunders, the latter 
of whom there records (1871, p. 55) the few works on Ornithology by 
Spanish authors, and in the Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France (i. 
p. 315; ii. pp. 11, 89, 185) has given a list of the Spanish Birds known 
to him.4 
Returning northwards, we have of the Birds of the whole of France, 
apart from Western Europe, nothing of real importance more recent than 
the Oiseaux in Vieillot’s Faune Francaise (8vo, 1822-29) ; but there is a 
great number of local publications of which Mr. Saunders has furnished 
(Zoologist, 1878, pp. 95-99) a catalogue. Some of these have appeared in 
journals, but many have been issued separately. - Those of most interest 
to English ornithologists naturally refer to Britanny, Normandy and 
Picardy, and are by Baillon, Benoist, Blandin, Bureau, Canivet, Chesnon, 
Degland, Demarle, De Norguet, Gentil, Hardy, Lemetteil, Lemonnicier, 
Lesauvage, Maignon, Marcotte, Nourry and Taslé, while perhaps the Ornt- 
thologie Parisienne of M. René Paquet, under the pseudonym of Nérée 
Quépat, should also be named. Of the rest the most important are the 
Ornithologve Provengale of Roux (2 vols. 4to, 1825-29); Risso’s Histoire 
naturelle . . . . des environs de Nice (5 vols. 8vo, 1826-27); the Orni- 
thologie du Dauphiné of Bouteille and Labatie (2 vols. 8vo, 1843-44); the 
Ornithologie du Gard (8vo, 1840) and Faune Meridionale of Crespon (2 vols. 
8vo, 1844); the Ornithologie de la Savoie of Bailly (4 vols. 8vo, 1853-54), 
and Les kichesses ornithologiques du midi de la France (4to, 1859-61) of 
MM. Jaubert and Barthélemy-Lapommeraye. For Belgium the Faune 
Belge of Baron De Selys-Longchamps (8vo, 1842) long remained the 
' A compendium of Greek and Turkish Ornithology by Drs. Kriiper and Hartlaub 
is contained in Mommsen’s G@riechische Jahrzeiten for 1875 (Heft III.). For other 
countries in the Levant there are Canon Tristram’s Fauna and Flora of Palestine 
(4to, 1884) and Capt. Shelley’s Handbook to the Birds of Egypt (8vo, 1872). 
* Mr. Abel Chapman’s Wild Spain (London: 1893) contains a considerable 
quantity of ornithological information, chiefly from the sportsman’s point of view. 
3 In the final chapter of this work the author gives a list of Portuguese Birds, 
including beside those observed by him those recorded by Prof. Barboza du Bocage 
in the Gazeta Medica de Lisboa, 1861, pp. 17-21. 
4 Certain papers published at Corunna by a Galician ornithologist require an 
explanation (cf. Sherborn, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, xiv. p. 154), which has 
uot and probably never will be given. 
