118 CROWN-BIRD—CUCKOW 
of this species, ready to dispute with the Kites and the cooks the 
very meat at the fire; and when any lengthened settlement is 
established the Crows will build their nests of the wire from the 
Englishman’s soda-water bottles. 
CROWN-BIRD, the name given by some old African travellers 
to one or more species of TourAco (cf. Latham, Gen. Hist. B. v. 
Dp: ly 6).and also To the Crowned- Crane (Balearica). 
CUBITALS (or Secondaries) are those REemIGEs which are 
supported by the upper surface of the ulna or cubitus of the 
anterior extremity. The rational way of counting them is to 
begin with the quill nearest to the wrist-joint, because reduction 
and addition in numbers takes place at the proximal end of the 
ulna. The number of the cubitals is reduced to 6 in the Trochi- 
lide and is increased to 30 and more in some Tubinares; it 
stands in direct correlation with the length of the wing bones. 
Archeopteryx seems to have possessed 10 cubitals, which probably 
approaches closely the original number in true Birds. Of perhaps 
some slight taxonomic value is the presence or absence of the 
original fitth cubital quill. This peculiarity was discovered by 
Gerbe (Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1877, p. 289), and followed up by 
Wray, Gadow, and Sclater (P.Z7.S. 1887, p. 343; 1888, p. 655; 
and Jbis, 1890, p. 77). Contrary to expectation, the missing fifth 
quill shews no trace of its former existence. in embryos, there 
being a distinct gap between the fourth and sixth quill, while the 
upper and lower fifth coverts remain. This peculiarity is still 
unexplained. Wray proposed to call the birds with the fifth quill 
normally developed quincubital, those without it aquincubital ! 
Among the Ratitee with well-developed cubitals, are Struthio, 
Rhea, and Apteryx ; and among the Carinate, Psophia, Dicholophus, 
and Rhinochetus ; the Gallinze except the Megapodes ; the Turnices 
and Crypturi; Opisthocomus, all the Picariz after exclusion of the 
Psittaci; all the Passeres, Colius, Trochilide, and Caprimulgine 
possess the fifth cubital. In the Alcedinide and some Cypselide 
it is variable. 
The groups with typically-developed remiges that have uo fifth 
cubital are Anseres (including Palamedea), Colymbide, Podicipedide, 
Steganopodes, Tubinares, Herodii, Pelargi, Laro-Limicole, Grus, 
Aramus, Eurypyga, all the Fulicariz (except Psophia, Dicholophus, 
and Rhinochetus), the Pteroclids, Columbide, Accipitres, Psittaci, 
and Striges (also see PTERYLOSIS). 
CUCKOW, or Cuckoo, as the word is now generally spelt— 
though without any apparent warrant for the change except that 
accorded by custom, while some of the more scholarly English 
ornithologists, as Montagu and Jenyns, have kept the older form— 
the common name of a well-known and often-heard bird, the Cuculus 
