362 GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION 
Philippine Islands that this interesting form was first brought to 
the knowledge of Europeans. 
Much the same has to be said of Borneo, that magnificent 
island, larger than Great Britain and Ireland. Though its Avi- 
fauna was carefully investigated by Count T. Salvadori, who pub- 
lished his results in 1874,! so much has since been done both 
abroad and at home? that the number of species observed there was 
raised from 392, of which 325 were Land-birds, to 472, including 
386 Land-birds, in 1886 by Dr. Vorderman,? and 570 in 1889 by 
Mr. A. H. Everett,* the two last having alone among the various 
writers of recent memoirs visited the island. Yet there seem 
to be only four unquestionable peculiar genera, Pityriasis, a 
singular form generally referred to the Laniidx, Schwaneria be- 
longing to Muscicapidx, Heterococcyx to Cuculidx, and Lobiophasis to 
Phasianide.® A species of MrcapopE, M. lowi, is said to be 
peculiar to Borneo and the adjacent island of Labuan. On 
the whole the character of the Avifauna is much what would be 
expected from its geographical position, but a resemblance to that 
of Malacca and Sumatra preponderates, though to that of Java 
there is considerable affinity, yet a remarkable feature of Borneo 
is presented by the number of species of Pittidz, a Family of wide 
range throughout the Old World, but therein exhibiting its 
maximum, and the comparatively little-known island of Banca, 
lying between Borneo and Sumatra produces 2 species of the 
same Family, one representing a form which inhabits the whole 
Subregion and extends to China and Siam, the other allied to 
2 species, the first ranging from Nepal to Malacca, and the second 
inhabiting the Philippines, Borneo, and Sumatra.° 
Sumatra must be considered next, and perhaps it ought to have 
1 Annali del Museo Ciwico di Storia Naturale di Genova, v. pp. 1-430. 
2 It is perhaps needless here to specify all the papers on this subject. Dr. 
Sharpe has communicated more than a dozen to The Ibis and Zoological Pro- 
ceedings, beginning with the year 1876 ; Herr von Pelzeln three to the publica- 
tion of the Zoologico-botanical Society of Vienna, in which also appeared in 
1883 an excellent list by Prof. W. Blasius; while in conjunction with Herr 
Nehrkorn and the late Dr. Kutter others will be found in the Journal fir 
Ornithologie and Yearbook of the Natural History Society of Brunswick ; and 
in that of the similar Society of Bremen for 1876, 1877, and 1878 Dr. Briigge- 
mann has published three more. 
3 Natuurkundig Tijdschrift von Nederlandsch-Indié. Deel xlvi. Aflev. 3. 
This is a mere list of names: for a more critical catalogue see that of Prof. 
Blasius. 
4 ‘A List of the Birds of the Bornean Group of Islands,” Journ. R. Asiat. 
Soc. Straits Branch, No. 20, pp. 91-212, and map (1889). 
5 A reputed fifth, Anais, referred to Artamidzx, is suspected to be founded on 
a manufactured specimen ! 
6 On this point compare Mr. Hume’s remark (Stray Feathers, ii. p. 475). 
