304 GUACHARO 
throughout Scotland, though not in Orkney, Shetland, or the Outer 
Hebrides, nor in Ireland. On the continent of Europe it has a 
very wide range, and it extends into Siberia. In Georgia its place 
is taken by a distinct species, on which a Polish naturalist (Proc. 
Zool. Soc. 1875, p. 267) has unhappily conferred the name of 7. 
mlokosiewiczt. Both these birds have much in common with their 
larger congeners the CAPERCALLY and its eastern representative. 
We must then notice the species of the genus Bonasa, of which 
the European JB. sylvestris, the Hazel-hen, is the type. This does 
not inhabit the British Islands ; unfortunately so, for it is perhaps 
the most delicate game-bird that comes to table. It is the Gelinotte 
of the French, the Haselhuhn of Germans, and Hjerpe of Scandi- 
nayians. Like its transatlantic congener B. wmbellus, the Ruffed 
Grouse or Birch-Partridge (of which there are three other local 
forms, B. togata, B. wmbelloides, and B. sabinii), it is purely a forest- 
bird. The same may be said of the species of Canachites, of which 
two forms are found in America, C. canadensis, the Spruce-Partridge, 
and C. franklini, and also of the Siberian C. falcipennis. Nearly 
allied to these birds is the group known as Dendragapus, containing 
three large and fine forms, D. obscurus, D. fuliginosus, and D. 
richardsoni—all peculiar to North America. Then we have Cen- 
trocercus urophasianus, the Sage-cock of the plains of Columbia and 
California, and Pediocxtes, the Sharp-tailed Grouse, with its three 
forms, P. phasianellus, P. columbianus, and P. campestris, while finally 
Tympanuchus, the Prairie-hen, also with three local forms, 7. cupido, 
now nearly extinct, 7. americanus, and T. pallidicinctus, is a bird that 
in the United States of America possesses considerable economic 
value, as witness the enormous numbers that are not only consumed 
there, but exported to Europe. It will be seen that the great 
majority of Grouse belong to the northern part of the New World, 
and it is to be regretted that space here fails to do justice to these 
beautiful and important birds, by enlarging on their interesting 
distinctions. They are nearly all figured in Mr. Elliot’s Monograph 
of the Tetraoninx, and an excellent account of the American species, 
so far as then known, is given in Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway’s 
North American Birds (iii. pp. 414-465), while the Manual of the 
last of these authors concisely notices the forms lately recognized. 
GUACHARO,! the Spanish-American name of what English 
writers have lately taken to calling the OrL-Brrp, the Steatornis 
caripensis of ornithologists, a very remarkable bird, first described 
by Alexander von Humboldt (Journ. de Physique, hii. p. 57; Voy. 
aux Rég. équinoxiales, i. p. 413, Engl. transl. iii. p. 119; Obs. 
Zoologie, ii. p. 141, pl. xliv.) from his own observation and from 
1 This is said to be an obsolete Spanish word signifying one that cries, 
moans, or laments loudly. 
