406 HANG-BIRD—HARELD 
Madagascar. Though not larger than a Raven, it builds an 
enormous nest, occasionally some six feet in diameter, and placed 
either in a tree or ona rocky ledge.! The structure is a mass of 
sticks, roots, grass and rushes, compactly piled together, with a 
flat-topped roof, the interior being neatly lined with clay, and a hole 
for entrance and exit, The bird, of an almost uniform earthy-brown 
colour (umber), whence the French Ombrette, slightly glossed with 
purple, and its tail barred with black, has a long occipital crest, 
generally borne horizontally, so as to give rise to its expressive 
colonial name, for the likeness of its head to that of a hammer is 
obvious. It is somewhat sluggish by day, but displays much 
activity at dusk, when it will go through a series of strange per- 
formances. Scopus has hitherto 
been generally referred to the 
group Pelargi (STORK), but recent 
investigations point out that its 
affinity is rather to the Herodiones 
Briu oF Scopus. (After Swainson.) (HERON), though it can hardly 
enter into the Family <Ardeide, 
and its flight is described as not being Heron-like (Ibis, 1863, p. 170). 
The late Prof. Reinhardt (op. cit. 1862, pp. 158-175) thought that 
Baleniceps (SHOE-BILL) was its nearest ally. 
HANG-BIRD or HANG-NEST, common names in North 
America for the beautiful Baltimore Oriole and its allies (see 
IcTERUS), from the pensile nests they build. 
HANNA, the usual name in British Guiana for the HoActTzin. 
HAPLOOPHON, Garrod’s name (Proc. Zool. Soc. 1876, pp. 
517, 518) for a division of the Passeres MESOMYODI, containing the 
Families Tyrannidx (IKING-BIRD), Rupicolide and Pittidx, to which 
Forbes subsequently added (op. cit. 1880, pp. 389-391, and 1882, 
pp. 569-571) the Philepittide of Madagascar and the Xenicide (or 
more correctly Acanthidosittidy) of New Zealand. Together with 
the TRACHEOPHON, they form the group HoMa@oMERI as opposed 
to the HETEROMERI. 
HARELD (corruptly HERALD), apparently the invention in 
1824 of Stephens, who (Gen. Zool. xii. pt. 2, p. 174) so rendered 
the generic name Harelda which he bestowed upon the Long-tailed 
Duck, Anas glacialis of Linnzus, misspelling (whether purposely or 
not), the Havelda of Ray (Synop. Av. p. 145) which was nearly 
Worm’s (Mus. Worm. p. 302) Latinized form of Hdvelle (pro- 
nounced Hauvadla) the common Icelandic name for the bird, having 
1 Holub and Von Pelzeln (Leitr. Orn. Sudafrikas, p. 279) give two figures of 
the nest, one of which is reproduced in the accompanying illustration. 
© On ancfowy 
afFiny bres of 5 
cf. Beddard, | 
\88 4, p. SH3 
