KIWI 495 
bird alive for nearly a fortnight, while in less than another two 
years additional information (op. cit. 1837, p. 24) came from Mr. T. 
K. Short to the effect that he had seen two living, and that all Yarrell 
had said was substantially correct, except underrating its progressive 
powers. Not long afterwards Lord Derby received and in March 
1838 transmitted to the same Society the trunk and viscera of an 
Apteryx, which, being entrusted to Prof. Owen, furnished him, in 
conjunction with other specimens of the same kind received from 
Drs. Lyon and George Bennett, with the materials of the masterly 
monograph laid before the Society in instalments, and ultimately 
printed in its Transactions (ii. p. 257, iii. p. 277). From this time 
the whole structure of the Kiwi has certainly been far better known 
than that of nearly any other bird, and by degrees other examples 
found their way to England, some of which were distributed to the 
various museums of the Continent and of America.? 
In 1847 much interest was excited by the reported discovery 
of another species of the genus (Proc. Zool. Soc. 1847, p. 51), and 
though the story was not confirmed, a second species was really soon 
after made known by Gould (fom. cit. p. 935; Trans. Zool. Soc. iii. 
p. 379, pl. 57) under the name of Apteryx oweni—a just tribute to 
the great master who had so minutely explained the anatomy of 
the group. Three years later Mr. Bartlett drew attention to the 
manifest difference existing among certain examples, all of which 
had hitherto been regarded as specimens of A. australis, and the 
examination of a large series led him to conclude that under that 
name two distinct species were confounded. To the second of 
these, the third of the genus (according to his views) he gave the 
name of A. mantelli (Proc. 1850, p. 274),? and it soon turned out 
that to this new form the majority of the specimens already 
obtained belonged. In 1851 the first Kiwi known to have reached 
Europe alive was presented to the Zoological Society by Mr. Eyre, 
then Lieutenant-Governor of New Zealand. This was found to 
1 In 1842, according to Broderip (Penny Cyclopedia, xxiii. p. 146), two 
skins had been presented to the Zoological Society by the New-Zealand Com- 
pany, and two more obtained by Lord Derby, one of which he had given to 
Gould. In 1844 the British Museum possessed three, and the sale catalogue of 
the Rivoli Collection, which passed in 1846 to the Academy of Natural Sciences 
at Philadelphia, included a single specimen—probably the first taken to America. 
2 For a wholly insufficient reason, and ignorant of the circumstances of the 
ease, Dr. Sharpe has attempted, in the Proceedings of the Wellington Philosophical 
Society for 1888 (p. 6), to abolish this name, and to substitute one of his own 
conferring. I myself can testify to the fact that Mr. Bartlett gave the name 4. 
mantelli to the form from the North Island, of which examples were then com- 
paratively common in England, leaving the name 4. australis to that of the 
South Island, of which only two specimens were at the time known. The differ- 
ence between the two forms was at that time as clear to him as it is to any of us 
now. 
