MACCARONI—MADGE 529 
common bird in captivity, though perhaps less often seen than the 
foregoing. ‘The Red-and-yellow species, 4. chloroptera, ranging from 
Guatemala to Brazil, is smaller, or at least has a shorter tail, and 
is not quite so usually met with in menageries. The Red-and-green, 
A. militaris, smaller again than the last, is unfrequent in confine- 
ment, and presents the colours of the name it bears. This has the 
most northerly extension of habitat, occurring in Mexico and thence 
southwards to Bolivia. All the other species are comparatively 
rare in a reclaimed condition. Four of them, A. hyacinthina, A. 
leari, A. glauca, and A. spixi, are almost entirely blue, while in A. 
manilata and A. nobilis the prevailing colour is green, and A. severa 
is green and blue. 
As is the case with most Neotropical birds, very little is known 
of the habits of Macaws in a state of nature. They are said to 
possess considerable power of flight, rising high in the air and 
travelling long distances in search of their food, which consists of 
various kinds of fruits ; but of any special differences of behaviour 
we are wholly ignorant. The sexes appear in all cases to be alike 
in colouring, and the birds, though constantly paired, are said to 
live in companies. Like other Psittaci, they nest in hollow trees, 
and the eggs, asserted to be two in number, are white without any 
lustre. Of the habits of these birds in confinement it is needless 
to speak, as they are so extremely well known. If caged, their 
long tail-feathers are sure to suffer, but chained by the leg to a 
perch, Macaws seem to enjoy themselves as well as any captive can, 
and will live for many years. 
MACCARONI, a seaman’s name for one of the crested PrEn- 
GUINS, Hudyptes chrysolophus, so-called probably at the time (circa 
1769) when the word was a cant term for a fop or exquisite, with 
his hair dressed in extravagant fashion, this bird having its head more 
conspicuously attired than its congener EH. chrysocome, the Rock- 
HOPPER, with which it often consorts (/bis, 1860, p. 327). 
MACKEREL-BIRD, -COCK, -GULL or -DIVER, local names— 
the first for the WRYNECK (Cecil Smith, B. Guernsey, p. 94), the 
second for the Manx SHEARWATER, the third one of the numerous 
appellations of the RAZOR-BILL, and the last used on the coast of 
North America for a TERN; but all referring to the appearance of 
their respective bearers being coincident with that of the well- 
known Fish. 
MACROCHIRES, Nitzsch’s name in 1829 for a “Family” of 
Birds composed of the Zrochili (HUMMING-BIRD) and Cypseli (SwIkT). 
MADGE, short for Margaret, a nickname of the Barn OWL, 
and also of the PIE; but 
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